Skewness and obliqueness of vehicle plate images influence license plate recognition. The more tilted plate images are, the harder the recognition task is. To this end, if plate images are preprocessed to be aligned and rectified, the recognition performance would improve. We propose deep neural network models that can locate four corner plate positions, which can then be used to perform the perspective transformation that can be used to rectify plates. Such a transformation is called homography. The models consist of two sequential parts: a feature extraction part having convolution and a regression part with fully connected layers. The models are open in the sense that the feature extraction part can host other well-known models such as Mobilenet as long as they have the feature capture capability. We devise a loss function as the sum of Euclidean distance between predicted coordinates and ground truth and discuss image augmentation schemes. The experiment results show that the models with well-known object detection models are able to predict corner positions with relatively high precision.
15We expect that this approach may open a way to predict the biological functions of multi-chemicals 32 and multi-plants on the targets of interest and enable repositioning of the plants and chemicals. 33
Deep models have been studied in point cloud classification for the applications of autonomous driving and robotics. One challenging issue is that the point cloud of the same object could be discrepantly captured depending on sensors. Such a difference is the main cause of the domain gap. The deep models trained with one domain of point clouds may not work well with other domains because of such a domain gap. A technique to reduce domain inconsistency is domain adaptation. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised domain adaptation with two novel schemes. First, to improve unreliable pseudo-label assignment, we introduce a voting-based procedure based on the recycling max pooling module, which involves self-paced learning. It helps to increase the training stability of the models. Second, to learn the geometrical characteristics of point clouds in unfamiliar settings, we propose a training method of cutting plane identification, which works in an unsupervised way. Testing with the popular point cloud dataset of PointDA-10 and Sim-to-Real, experiments show that our method increase classification accuracy by 6.5%-points on average, ModelNet and ShapeNet as the source domain and ScanNet, and ScanObjectNN as the target domain. From an ablation study, it was observed that each method contributes to improving the robustness of domain adaptation.
Network-based methods for the analysis of drug-target interactions have gained attention and rely on the paradigm that a single drug can act on multiple targets rather than a single target. In this study, we have presented a novel approach to analyze the interactions between the chemicals in the medicinal plants and multiple targets based on the complex multipartite network of the medicinal plants, multi-chemicals, and multiple targets. The multipartite network was constructed via the conjunction of two relationships: chemicals in plants and the biological actions of those chemicals on the targets. In doing so, we introduced an index of the efficacy of chemicals in a plant on a protein target of interest, called target potency score (TPS). We showed that the analysis can identify specific chemical profiles from each group of plants, which can then be employed for discovering new alternative therapeutic agents. Furthermore, specific clusters of plants and chemicals acting on specific targets were retrieved using TPS that suggested potential drug candidates with high probability of clinical success. We expect that this approach may open a way to predict the biological functions of multi-chemicals and multi-plants on the targets of interest and enable repositioning of the plants and chemicals.
Biomedical databases grow by more than a thousand new publications every day. The large volume of biomedical literature that is being published at an unprecedented rate hinders the discovery of relevant knowledge from keywords of interest to gather new insights and form hypotheses. A text-mining tool, PubTator, helps to automatically annotate bioentities, such as species, chemicals, genes, and diseases, from PubMed abstracts and full-text articles. However, the manual re-organization and analysis of bioentities is a non-trivial and highly time-consuming task. ChexMix was designed to extract the unique identifiers of bioentities from query results. Herein, ChexMix was used to construct a taxonomic tree with allied species among Korean native plants and to extract the medical subject headings unique identifier of the bioentities, which co-occurred with the keywords in the same literature. ChexMix discovered the allied species related to a keyword of interest and experimentally proved its usefulness for multi-species analysis.
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