pH, dissolved oxygen, oxidizable organic matter, as well as nutrient salts (NH4, NO2, NO3, PO4, and SiO4) were studied in the water of western coast of the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt (west of Alexandria) at different depths ranging from 0-200 m depth for inshore and offshore stations during winter (31 January to 5 February) and summer (3-10 September), 2006. During the last three decades, many touristic cities were constructed along the study coastal area. These coastal areas are exhibiting sings of stress, population pressures, and coastal development may lead to: declining fisheries, proliferation of harmful algal blooms nourished by sewage and agricultural run off close to beaches harming fish and causing health problems. Thus, this paper aimed to assess the eutrophication level in the study area.
Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to develop a number of new anti-fouling agents that are friendlier to the environment. Design/methodology/approach -Seven copper(II) and cobalt complexes of 3-(2-furylidene) hydrazine-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (L) were prepared by interacting 3-(2-furylidene) hydrazino-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (L) with cobalt(II) and copper salts. The structures of the prepared complexes were confirmed by elemental analyses, IR and nujol mull electronic spectra, as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements. The anti-fouling activity was measured on barnacle larvae. Findings -The in vitro toxicity of the organic ligand and its cobalt and copper complexes on barnacle larvae was measured. The results indicated that the toxicity of the ligand increased upon complexation and that copper complexes are the most active ones. Originality/value -Successful development of some new copper(II) and cobalt complexes of 1,2,4-triazine that have in vitro anti-fouling activity against barnacle larvae and might be safe to the marine environment.
The present study aims to evaluate and compare the environmental parameters; temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidizable organic matter (OOM) and total alkalinity during winter 2009 and 2010 of the western Mediterranean coast of Egypt starting from El Mex to El Salum with three to four vertical stations being sampled at each marine sector. The surface distributions of both temperature and salinity decrease westwards during both winter seasons. The data revealed that, the total averages of temperature (except El Mex area) and dissolved oxygen during winter 2009 (16.6°C and 10.96 ml/l) in the studied marine sectors are higher than their corresponding values during winter 2010 (16.61°C and 5.81 ml/l) but an opposite trend is obtained with total averages of salinity (38.55 and 38.675) and total alkalinity (2.52 meq/l and 2.98 meq/l) measured during 2009 and 2010. The maximum average of oxidizable organic matter at El Hamam sector during winter 2009 was found to be 2.23 mgO 2 /l lower than its value during 2010 (2.72 mgO 2 /l), while an opposite result was obtained with the total average of OOM at El Salum sector. ª 2015 Hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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