Growth of Taxodium distichum Rich. transplants was stimulated by inoculation with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ( PGPR). Results show that significant increases in the plant height, stem diameter, branch number and fresh and dry weights per transplant were observed in the plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. While, higher total phosphorus percentage was found in the plants inoculated with Bacillus polymixa (0.78%) compared with the control (0.45%) in the stem of Taxodium distichum transplants. Such effects were confirmed by anatomical studies. These results suggest that the growth promoting substances provided by Azospirillum barsilense may enhance the growth of Taxodium distichum transplants and shortening the time of growth.
The present research was performed on Magnolia grandiflora L. which is considered as one of the most beautiful ornamental trees, belongs to the family Magnoliaceae, because of its showy, fragrant, ivory flowers and large evergreen leaves. It is aimed to throw light on more information about the botanical characteristics of magnolia trees grown in Egypt. Botanical studies include descriptions of height, trunk, bark, shoots, branches, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds as well as anatomy of vegetative organs of this important tree. Seed germination and seedling growth were also considered. Moreover, breaking seed dormancy by cold stratification and / or GA 3 treatment and their influence on vegetative growth and photosynthetic pigments were investigated.The results revealed that cold stratification of seeds at 4 o C for three months during the winter before planting in spring is very necessary for breaking dormancy and enhancement of germination of magnolia seeds. Moreover, soaking stratified seeds in 150 ppm GA 3 for 24 hours just before sowing induced significant increase in the percentage of seed germination more than that recorded by cold stratification the alone. Such treatment also induced prominent increases in chloroplast pigments of leaves of magnolia plants aged six months.
An open field trial for 2-year-old seedlings of bald-cypress (Taxodium distichum Rich.), calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Tenore) and cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) seedlings was applied from April, 2004 to November, 2005 in King-Mariut, south-west of Alexandria. Response of these conifer seedlings to irrigation regime of saline underground water (6.36 dS m -1 ) was studied in a large polyethylene bag containing sandy loam soil. Irrigation treatments were applied as: tap water (control), twice saline water followed by one time tap water (2/1 cycle), four times saline water followed by one time tap water (4/1 cycle) and totally saline water (Stressed). Irrigation treatments were applied to maintain the double-fold of field capacity after 45 days from transplanting date the irrigated tested every third day.The results showed that mortality increased with increasing saline/ fresh water cycles. Conversely, all the vegetative growth parameters and biomass components of these conifer seedlings decreased significantly with increasing the cycling of saline/ fresh water. However, significantly minimum both height and diameter increments, number of first order-branch, fresh and dry biomasses of leaves and stem were obtained where saline water was applied as continuous irrigation treatment (stressed). Likewise wood density was decreased by increasing saline irrigation cycle whereas there was a slight decrease in wood fiber length with the increase of saline water cycle. Pine seedlings seem to be statistically more efficient to tolerate saline ground water than cypress after two years period. However, bald-cypress seedlings were highly-sensitive to irrigation by 6.36 dSm -1 saline ground water to the extent that all seedlings died under the entire used irrigation cycles.
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