Over the last decade, researchers have used virtual-and mixed-reality (VR-MR) techniques for various safety-related applications such as training, hazard monitoring, and preconstruction planning. This paper reviews the recent trends in virtual-and mixed-reality applications in construction safety, explicitly focusing on virtual-reality and mixed-reality techniques as the two major types of computer-generated simulated experiences. Following a systematic literature assessment methodology, this study summarizes the results of articles that have been published over the last decade and illustrates the research trends of virtual-and mixed-reality applications in construction safety while focusing on the technological components of individual studies.Safety 2019, 5, 51 2 of 16 high refresh rates, accurate point-of-view tracking; these benefits are possible at lower costs than in the past, mainly because VR-MR systems are gaining traction in the mainstream gaming community [9]. Investment in VR-MR technology is increasing, and the VR-MR market is projected to increase from $2.67 billion in 2015 to $66.68 billion by 2022 [10].This study analyses the current trends in virtual-and mixed-reality applications in construction safety, particularly focusing on virtual-reality and mixed-reality platforms as the two major types of computer-generated simulated experiences. This study also focuses on the technological components of those VR-MR studies and discusses individual examples of research projects that implemented such technologies for construction safety application. A few scholars have published review articles of digital visualization techniques for safety applications. Zhou et al. [11] conducted a review of advanced technology for safety. Bhoir and Esmaeili [12] explored VR environments for safety; Guo et al. [13] looked at visualization technologies for safety. Li et al. [14] reviewed virtual and augmented reality systems for safety. Unlike other reviews, this study asks specific research questions through a systematic review technique and individually discusses the papers within the context of different safety applications, as well as their technological components. Moreover, by intentionally limiting the scope of the review to VR and MR, this study can highlight interactive safety interventions with detailed summaries of application areas, while separating VR and MR from the larger, general field of BIM (Building Information Modeling), 4D CAD (Computer-Aided Design), and other visualization technologies. The significance of this research lies in that it presents the application status of VR and MR in enhancing safety in the construction domain and brings more attention to these promising technologies and ultimately improves safety in the construction domain. The expected outcome of this content-analysis-based review can benefit both industry professional and researchers who find it necessary to design and develop an efficient application employing VR/MR technologies to enhance safety processes in the construction ...
Single-cell sequencing improves our ability to understand biological systems at single-cell resolution and can be used to identify novel drug targets and optimal cell-types for target validation. However, tools that can interactively visualize and provide target-centric views of these large datasets are limited. We present SciViewer (Single-cell Interactive Viewer), a novel tool to interactively visualize, annotate and share single-cell datasets. SciViewer allows visualization of cluster, gene and pathway level information such as clustering annotation, differential expression, pathway enrichment, cell-type specificity, cellular composition, normalized gene expression and comparison across datasets. Further, we provide APIs for SciViewer to interact with publicly available pharmacogenomics databases for systematic evaluation of potential novel drug targets. We provide a module for non-programmatic upload of single-cell datasets. SciViewer will be a useful tool for data exploration and target discovery from single-cell datasets. It is available on GitHub (https://github.com/Dhawal-Jain/SciViewer).
Secure frameworks for computation are needed to foster increasingly complex and data-intensive collaborations involving biomedical data. Additionally, uniform data processing is critical for meaningful downstream analyses. Here, we present Minuteman - an open-source cloud computing framework that can be securely used across organizations. Minuteman can be used for hosting data sources and computational pipelines in a FAIR manner. Minuteman consists of three modules, 1) a data ingestion module that can securely store data in the cloud using, 2) a compute module for providing computational power to run resource intensive bioinformatics pipelines e.g. cellranger, spaceranger for single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, and 3) a data exploration module to host docker containers and shiny apps for interactive data visualization. Strict data access rules and user-specific roles are applied across the whole framework to maintain data security. Our framework is ideal for scenarios where data security, and privileged access are critical, such as industry-academia collaborations, and multi-institution consortiums. Using single-cell transcriptomics pre-processing and analyses pipelines across two labs, we showcase the utility of the Minuteman framework for biomedical data analyses.
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