SUMMARYIn recent years, a considerable number of studies on the role of microbes in agarwood production have been carried out in plants of the species Aquilaria. Based on the fact that there is a relationship between the microorganisms residing inside the plant and the agarwood formation, we isolated and characterized endophytic fungi associated with A. crassna samples collected from Southern Vietnam. Morphological identification and DNA barcoding analysis of the fungal endophytic isolates indicated that they were classified at least into three groups of diverse genera: Geotrichum, Fusarium and Colletotrichum belonging to families Dipodascaceae, Nectriaceae and Glomerellaceae, respectively. Noteworthy, Geotrichum candium strain SHTr1 isolated from a dark colored woody sample of agarwood was able to produce a fruity odor and exhibited a slight antimicrobial activity against the test bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Another fungal isolate, Fusarium verticillioides SHTr3's, showed a moderate antimicrobial activity against a test Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtillis and S. aureus with MIC values at 50 µg.mL -1 . At 200 µg.mL -1 , the ethyl acetate extracts of fungal isolates F. verticillioides SHTr3 and Colletotrichum truncatum SHTrHc7 were found to have comparable scavenging abilities on DPPH-free radicals with 53.87 and 71.82%, respectively. The present results contribute to a depiction of a diverse fungal endophytic community in Vietnamese agarwood plant A. crassna and provide important information for further understanding of the role of endophytic fungi in agarwood formation and therapeutic applications of host plants in general.
A two-steps procedure was applied to couple zerumbone, a natural sesquiterpene, with thiols 8a-k to yield a small library of ten novel zerumbone derivatives 9a-k with full data of spectra including 1H-, 13C-NMR, and HRMS. The tautomerization of 9a, 9b, and 9c was found in DMSO and discussed in the case of 9c. The series of 9a-k together with zerumbone 1 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity using three human cancer cell lines HepG2, A549, and HeLa. The results showed that all zerumbone derivatives expressed the cytotoxic activity against HepG2, A549, and HeLa cells stronger than that of zerumbone from 4-20 folds.
Table of ContentsA1 Pirfenidone inhibits TGF-b1-induced extracellular matrix production in nasal polyp-derived fibroblastsJae-Min Shin, Heung-Man Lee, Il-Ho ParkA2 The efficacy of a 2-week course of oral steroid in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria refractory to antihistaminesHyun-Sun Yoon, Gyeong Yul ParkA3 The altered distribution of follicular t helper cells may predict a more pronounced clinical course of primary sjögren’s syndromeMargit ZeherA4 Betamethasone suppresses Th2 cell development induced by langerhans cell like dendritic cellsKatsuhiko Matsui, Saki Tamai, Reiko IkedaA5 An evaluation of variousallergens in cases of allergic bronchial asthma at lucknow and neighbouring districts by intradermal skintestDrsushil Suri, Dranu SuriA6 Evaluation ferqency of ADHD in childhood asthmaMarzieh Heidarzadeh AraniA7 Steven johnson syndrome caused by typhoid fever in a childAzwin Lubis, Anang EndaryantoA8 Chronic Bronchitis with Radio Contrast Media Hypersensitivity: A Case with Hypothesized GINA Step 1 AsthmaShinichiro KogaA9 The association between asthma and depression in Korean adult : An analysis of the fifth korea national health and nutrition examination survey (2010-2012)Lee Ju SukA10 Management of allergic disease exacerbations in pregnancyYasunobu TsuzukiA11 Subcutaneous immunotherapy mouse model for atopic dermatitisSeo Hyeong Kim, Jung U Shin, Ji Yeon Noh, Shan Jin, Shan Jin, Hemin Lee, Jungsoo Lee, Chang Ook Park, Kwang Hoon Lee, Kwang Hoon LeeA12 Atopic disease and/or atopy are risk factors for local anesthetic allergy in patients with history of hypersensitivity reactions to drugs?Fatma Merve TepetamA13 Food hypersensitivity in patients with atopic dermatitis in KoreaChun Wook Park, Jee Hee Son, Soo Ick Cho, Yong Se Cho, Yun Sun Byun, Yoon Seok Yang, Bo Young Chung, Hye One Kim, Hee Jin ChoA14 Anaphylaxis caused by an ant (Brachyponera chinensis) in JapanYoshinori Katada, Toshio Tanaka, Akihiko Nakabayashi, Koji Nishida, Kenichi Aoyagi, Yuki Tsukamoto, Kazushi Konma, Motoo Matsuura, Jung-Won Park, Yoshinori Harada, Kyoung Yong Jeong, Akiko Yura, Maiko YoshimuraA15 Anti-allergic effect of anti-IL-33 by suppression of immunoglobulin light chain and inducible nitric oxide synthaseTae-Suk Kyung, Young Hyo Kim, Chang-Shin Park, Tae Young Jang, Min-Jeong Heo, Ah-Yeoun Jung, Seung-Chan YangA16 Food hypersensitivity in patients with chronic urticaria in KoreaHye One Kim, Yong Se Cho, Yun Sun Byun, Yoon Seok Yang, Bo Young Chung, Jee Hee Son, Chun Wook Park, Hee Jin ChoA17 Dose optimizing study of a depigmented polymerized allergen extract of phleum pollen by means of conjunctival provocation test (CPT)Angelika Sager, Oliver PfaarA18 Correlation of cutaneous sensitivity and cytokine response in children with asthmaAmit Agarwal, Meenu Singh, Bishnupda Chatterjee, Anil ChauhanA19 Colabomycin E, a Streptomycete-Derived Secondary Metabolite, Inhibits Proinflammatory Cytokines in Human Monocytes/MacrophagesIlja Striz, Eva Cecrdlova, Katerina Petrickova, Libor Kolesar, Alena Sekerkova, Veronika Svachov...
Although seaweeds and seagrasses have been used for food and traditional medicine for centuries, merely a small amount of them is exploited and used. Positive biological activities of seaweed and seagrass products on humans, animals and plants have also been recorded for a long time. Vietnam is a tropical country with 3,260 km long coastline and about 350 species of seaweeds, including 60 widely used species. In this study, 57 seaweed and seagrass samples were extracted using CHCl3/MeOH solvent systems and their crude extracts were tested for selected biological actives, including antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity. The results revealed that 13 out of 57 extracts (accounting for 24.07%) were cytotoxic to one of the two tested cancer cell lines (Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep-G2 and human lung adenocarcinoma cell line LU-1), and 4 extracts (accounting for 7.4%) were cytotoxic to both cancer cell lines. In antimicrobial activity assay, 18 of all 57 extracts (accounting for 37.5%) were capable of inhibiting 1 to 2 test microorganisms and 16 extracts (accounting for 33.33%) inhibited at least 3 test microorganisms. There were solely 1 extract (accounting for 1.85%) of the 57 extracts performing antioxidant activity in DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay.
Sargassum is a widely distributed marine brown algal genus in Vietnam and has been considered a source of diverse bioactive metabolites. In this study, S. crassifolium collected from South Central region of Vietnam was chemically studied and bioactively evaluated. Fucosterol was isolated and identified from the methanolic extract of the alga by means of chemical fractionation and spectral analysis and showed no cytotoxic effect in Hep-G2 cells at the observed concentrations. In vitro assay for intracellular reactive oxygen species by dichlorofluorescein method revealed a potent scavenging effect of the isolated compound. Accordingly, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was reduced by 71.66% with the treatment of fucosterol at 10 µg.ml-1. The results indicated the ability of algal fucosterol in diffusing into cells and preventing the production of different ROS compounds and further suggested the therapeutic potential against diseases caused by oxidative stress of natural metabolites from S. crassifolium in Vietnam.
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