As device size shrinks smaller, random telegraph signal (RTS) noise, which is caused by the trapping and detrapping of a single carrier will become a serious issue. In this paper, we characterized four level RTS and extracted the characteristics of two independent traps. Once the position of the trap is found in the oxide (x T ) and along the channel (y T ) with respect to source, we extracted difference between the oxide conduction band energy (E Cox ) and trap energy (E T ). Finally we introduce eight level RTS observed in some sample which indicates existence of three active traps.
This paper describes the demand response operation rules based on reliability for the South Korean power system. Due to the increasing electric power demand, the methods used to increase power generation have reached a limit becoming a social, economic and environmental problem. The conventional DR program in South Korea has a history of contracts, creating many disadvantages. Because of this, this paper introduces a more effective DR program than the conventional one in order to protect participant returns. The incentive based DR program offers an incentive when the participants fulfill their contracts or remits a penalty when the participants do not fulfill them. There are some elements that separate the incentive based DR from the price based DR; the penalty, the mandatory requirements, the necessity of the customer baseline load (CBL), the DR event pre-call, and the incentive. This paper also designs DR operation rules based on reliability, suitable for resource planning.Index Terms-Incentive Based . His special field of interest includes electric power network economics, power system reliability, and the incentive regulation of independent transmission companies.
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