Стаття присвячена питанню психологічних та психоемоційних порушень сімейного функціонування. Проаналізовано варіанти поєднання особистісних рис у чоловіків та жінок, які пережили адюльтер, виокремлено можливі шляхи розвитку „сімейного конфлікту”. Чоловіки та жінки із високою вірогідністю акцентуації за демонстративним типом схильні до артистизму, позерства, емоційної лабільності, до конфліктності з рисами егоцентризму та не завжди адекватною самооцінкою власних дій. Основою такої поведінки є бажання привернути до себе максимум уваги з метою впливу (зокрема контролю поведінки протилежної статі) або бажання в окремих ситуаціях почувати себе слабшим для привернення до себе уваги, часто із агресивними ознаками при відсутності бажаної реакції партнера. Особи з акцентуацією за збудливим типом проявляють слабкість емоційного контролю, підвищену імпульсивність, схильність до конфліктів, слабкість у ставлені до власних зобов'язань. Особам із гипертимною акцентуацією властиво “нестача почуття дистанції”, підвищена роздратованість та вибухи гніву. У чоловіків та жінок із емотивною акцентуацією виявлено знижену здатність до вираження відчуттів, настроїв, переживань, внутрішній страхом щодо ставлення до них оточуючих. За результатами дослідження встановлено два варіанти поєднання типів акцентуації у чоловіка та жінки, які мали сукупний руйнівний вплив на життєдіяльність родини: перший - поєднання дистимічної та застрягаючої рис. Провідною у формуванні відносин у родині є схильність до застрягання афекту. Задоволеність шлюбом характеризувалася, як “абсолютно неблагополучна” та “неблагополучна”. Другий - поєднання тривожної та емотивної акцентуації. Провідною рисою у чоловіків та жінок була схильність до розладів настрою. Часто тривожність була пов'язана з приниженням їх людської гідності внаслідок адюльтеру партнера. Задоволеність шлюбом визначалася, як “неблагополучна” або “скоріше неблагополучна”. Зазначається, що перспективним подальшого дослідження у даному напрямку є наукового обґрунтування й розробки заходів специфічної допомоги у вигляді сімейного консультування порушень життєдіяльності у родині при адюльтері.
A common cause of disruption of family communication is adultery, which creates a traumatic situation and even leads to family destruction. The purpose of the article is to investigate sexual and psychosocial disorders in family communication under adultery—research methods. The study used validity methods «Eysenck Inventory of Attitudes to Sex» and «Diagnostics of the inferiority complex». Statistical methods. For the non-parametric data correlation variables, the Spearman coefficient was used, Kendall's, Pearson's. Results: The present study found the destructive effect of the psychological characteristics of sexuality on family functioning in CGA. The connection between disappointment with existing sexual relations and desire for sexual satisfaction was established (p <0.05). Conflicts between beliefs and internal impulses were detected (p <0.05). It was found that treating a partner as a sexual object without finding sensual pleasure correlated with intolerance to a verbal description of bed scenes (p <0.05). Sexual shyness is a characteristic of couples with sexual inactivity and aversion to sexual manifestations (p <0.05). In turn, the difficulty of acquiring sexual excitement correlated with a fascination with only physical sex without its spiritual component (p <0.05). Conclusion: Features of the psychological response of men and women in CGA and CG in the genesis and development of impaired family life are connected to the following: a great number of complexes and constant struggle with personal weaknesses, drawbacks, mistakes; fear of analyzing oneself and one's own actions by "hiding" and "postponing" the resolution; inflated self-esteem, self-deception, living in the so-called "imaginary world", low communication (p <0.05).
Background:Of vital importance is use of new approaches to medico-social status assessment, namely behavioral dysfunction evaluation which has to be based on measuring of vital activity limitations related to mental disorders. The goal of the research is to assess influence of such vital activity limitations on the dynamics of behavioral dysfunction.Methods:We studied 538 psychiatric patients (327 – in the experimental group including patients treated with psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy administered with giving proper weight to medical, social and professional factors influencing patients' vital activity, and 211 – in the comparison group treated according to standard scheme). Patients' vital activity limitations were measured using WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS).Results:The data analysis revealed considerable decrease of behavioral dysfunction in experimental group patients at the expense of patients with obvious or serious dysfunction levels (р<0.05). In the comparison group the rate of dysfunction level reduced in a significantly lesser degree. The study has shown that premature validation of patient's disability for “social protection” often results in pathomimesis while rehabilitation potential is retained.Conclusions:Rehabilitation interventions administered with giving proper weight to medical, social and professional factors influencing patients' vital activity result in considerable decrease of behavioral dysfunction of psychiatric patients. Rehabilitation programs have to be developed on basis of detecting rehabilitation “targets” not only “defect” spheres, but also maintenance of skills and abilities. This will give an opportunity to prevent defect development and to consider patient's rehabilitation potential.
A common cause of health disorders in war is psychotraumatic situations that lead to psycho-emotional burnout of military personnel. The purpose of the article is to conduct an empirical study of the psycho-emotional burnout of military personnel. Tasks are set: to determine the emotional reactions and states of military personnel; to assess the level of manifestation of emotional burnout of military personnel. Research Methods: The study used valid methods, "Diagnosis of the level of emotional burnout", "Determination of mental "burnout", and «Burnout Syndrome» in the professions of the «man-man» system, for the non-parametric data correlation variables, the Spearman coefficient. Results: The study revealed the military personnel's inability to manage their emotions, which leads to depersonalization, personal alienation, and distance. The inadequate selective emotional response has 94.0%, which is an indisputable "sign of burnout". The peculiarities of emotion management of military personnel and their role in the genesis of emotional response in professional activity are revealed. It is established that the "economic manifestation of emotions" of military personnel can be manifested both in an excessively cheerful mood and aggression, which is frustrating behavior. Conclusion: In order to prevent psycho-emotional burnout, it is necessary to develop anti-stress skills, skills of controlling the manifestation of emotions based on critical analysis of the situation, and the ability not to throw out negative emotions on other people. To work with the military, it is necessary to substantiate the content of psychosocial counseling within the framework of a comprehensive system of psychological rehabilitation of servicemen.
Background: Medical, social, and professional assessment of patients and the development of a rehabilitation program based on that assessment are important issue in mental and behavioral disorders. However, insufficient consideration of the basic principles of medical and social expertise leads to the inadequate according to patient’s planning and implementation into rehabilitation interventions. Aim: to study the essence and understanding of the concept of "limitation of life" and "social isolation" in the practice of mental health care and rehabilitation. Materials and methods: theoretical analysis and synthesis of scientific sources regarding medical and social rehabilitation of the mentally ill, with disabilities and social isolation. Results: The author expounds his view on development of vital activity limitations and social isolation in psychiatric patients; and on different aspects of using this categories in the medical and social assistance and rehabilitation practice. Conclusion: general trend inherent in both foreign and Ukrainian scientific publications was identified, it highlights the need to build medical and social assistance in accordance with definition of disability and social isolation.
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