Abstract. Luo converter is one amid the developed DC-DC converters offering higher voltage gain. Soft-switching techniques, like zero-voltage switching (ZVS), repress switching losses, and hence the system efficiency and the life of the power semiconductor switches are improved. Incorporation of soft switching in fixed-frequency operation of the Luo converters may persuade them in the regulated power supply applications. The existing variable switching frequency solution suffers from a number of problems viz. complexity in filter designing, more electromagnetic interference (EMI), etc. This paper proposes a positive output elementary Luo converter (POELC) involving ZVS with the wherewithal of working in fixed frequency. A comprehensive discussion on the proposed circuit topology is detailed with both simulation and experimental studies. Systematic descriptions of basic POELC, variable-frequency ZVS-POELC, and fixed-frequency ZVS-POELC make an impact on the understanding of related concepts by the researchers in this field. At high switching frequencies, these hard-switched converters suffer from high switching stress, high switching power losses, reduced reliability and electromagnetic interference (EMI) [5]. To overcome these difficulties, soft-switching techniques like zero-voltage switching (ZVS) have been introduced in LCs [6][7][8]. The ZVS technique expunges the large capacitance of the main switch through resonant switching, which minimizes the losses, as well as reduces the ringing in waveforms [9]. The soft-switching technique in LC has helped in escalating the switching frequency, hence casting a compact converter of a higher power density than that of the PWM converters [3]. ZVS was easier in high-current applications, and a reasonably low EMI has been observed [3]. Even though the frequency of switching is reasonably increased, the voltage stress across the main switch is also increased. In ZVS, the voltage across the main switch can reach eleven times the input voltage [9]. The voltage regulation in ZVS-LC is more liberally achieved by variable frequency operation [6]. The variable frequency operation results in high voltage stress on switches (hence the minimal reliability of power switches) and complexity of filter design. This paper proposes a modified topology to support the fixed-frequency ZVS in overcoming the abovementioned issues of the positive output elementary Luo converter (POELC). The main idea of the modified topology is adding an auxiliary switch across the resonant inductance, which delays the immediate resonant cycle until its turned OFF. Using variable pulse
Demand response (DR) is a high priority smart grid technology yet, efficient implementation of the same at the circuit level is often overlooked. Technologies like DR is vital to the improvement, stability and reduction of congestion in the grid. At the distribution side, addition of photovoltaic (PV) systems with appropriate metering has made consumers to prosumers. Prosumers contribute to the grid supply and often meeting increased demand. PV installation has made surplus grid power available. Power from PV is an environment friendly approach, in-order to yield its maximum benefit, it should be appropriately connected with advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). Further, AMI enables other technologies like real time pricing (RTP), DR and demand side management (DSM). Pilot projects put forward by Government of India (GOI) has already deployed smart meters, transforming existing conventional meters into AMI. Hence, functional benefits of AMI are to be studied to its full usage potential. DR and RTP are more focused on consumer behaviour and involvement whereas, DSM is under the control of utility. Hence, novel layouts for energy efficient prosumers with net-metering, gross-metering, hybrid loads and renewable PV integration are analysed. Consumer feasibility of DR without compromising, basic needs of power availability and comfort is focused. Inference is made from both metering infrastructures, tariff schemes and its application in Puducherry locality of India.
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