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Plant disease recognition concept is one of the successful and important applications of image processing and able to provide accurate and useful information to timely prediction and control of plant diseases. In the study, the wavelet based features computed from RGB images of late blight infected images and healthy images. The extracted features submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) and Independent Component Analysis performed (ICA) for reducing dimensions in feature data processing and classification. To recognize and classify late blight from healthy plant images are classified into two classes i.e.  late blight infected or healthy. The Euclidean Distance measure is used to compute the distance by these two classes of training and testing dataset for tomato late blight recognition and classification. Finally, the three-component analysis is compared for late blight recognition accuracy. The Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) yielded overall recognition accuracy with 96.4%.

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The plant diseases are a normal part of nature but can cause significant economic, social and ecologic loss globally. It's difficult to monitor continuously plant health and detection of diseases. The paper presents a survey of recent studies on the area of plant disease recognition and classification from digital images using image processing and soft computing techniques. The main aim of the paper is to focus on the area of plant pathology recognition and classification only. The paper is omitting the disease severity quantification. Although the paper, considering the images of symptoms presents on plant leaves and stems only for limiting the survey. Each considered paper in the review, representing the comprehensive details of the technical implementation of an algorithm. The algorithm begins with digital image acquisition of infected and non-infected plants; perform image preprocessing, differentiate disease infected region from a non-infected region using segmentation, extract features from segmented images for recognition and classification. This survey expected to useful for researchers from plant pathology and pattern recognition field.

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