Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa offers a pre-therapeutic possibility of preserving progenity in patients with testicular tumours. We aimed to investigate effects of cryopreservation and addition of catalase on sperm motility, vitality and DNA integrity in fresh and swim-up spermatozoa. Semen samples were collected from 50 fertile men. Each sample was divided into two parts. First part was subdivided into two equal aliquots: both cryopreserved with and without catalase. The second part was subdivided into two equal aliquots: both processed by swim up and then cryopreserved with or without catalase. Semen analyses, sperm vitality and sperm DNA integrity were performed. Sperm concentration showed significant decrease while percentage of progressive motility, sperm vitality and % of DNA damage showed significant increase in processed and cryopreserved processed samples when compared with fresh and cryopreserved fresh samples. There was no significant difference in sperm concentration while there was significant increase in % of progressive motility and sperm vitality and % of DNA damage showed significant decrease in samples with catalase when compared with samples without catalase (either fresh or processed). Catalase supplementation (fresh and processed) during cryopreservation results in better post-thawing percentage of progressive motility and percentage of sperm vitality and improved DNA integrity.
Cutaneous warts are benign hyperkeratotic papillomas resulting from infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). Cryotherapy is a known method for warts treatment. Immunotherapy stimulates HPV recognition by the immune system; this helps resolution of warts. To determine the efficacy of intralesional immunotherapy with measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine versus cryotherapy in the treatment of patients with multiple common and plantar warts. Forty‐eight patients with multiple common and plantar warts were divided into two groups: to undergo either intralesional injection of MMR vaccine (Group A), or cryotherapy (Group B). Forty patients completed the study. In the MMR group, 70% of the patients showed complete response, 5% partial response, and 25% showed no response to treatment. In the CRYO group, 45% of the patients showed complete response, 35% partial response, and 20% showed no response to treatment. The complete response was higher in the MMR group (70%) as compared to the CRYO group (45%), but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Meanwhile, the partial response was significantly higher in the CRYO group. Intralesional MMR injection was a safe and effective treatment for multiple common and plantar warts as compared to cryotherapy.
Background: Therapeutic modalities for genital warts are mostly ablative in nature, limited by high recurrence rates and are unsuitable for numerous lesions. Immunotherapy has the potential to overcome these limitations. Aim: The aim of this work was to compare the results of combined tuberculin purified protein derivative and cryotherapy to the results of tuberculin purified protein derivative or cryotherapy alone in the treatment of genital warts. Patients and Methods: A randomized controlled study included 45 patients equally allocated into three groups using a computerized random number: Group A (15) patients were treated with purified protein derivative injection. Group B (15) patients were treated with cryotherapy using liquid nitrogen. Group C (15) patients were treated with combined purified protein derivative and cryotherapy. Results: In group A, 2 patients (13.3%) had complete response to purified protein derivative therapy, 8 patients (53.3%) had partial response, and 5 patients (33.3%) no response to treatment. While in group B, 4 patients (26.7%) had complete response to cryotherapy, 6 patients (40%) partial response, and 5 patients (33.3%) no response to treatment,in group C 7 patients (46.7%) complete response 6 patients (40%) partial response, and 2 patients (13.3%) no response, with no statistical significant difference.
Conclusion:Intralesional immunotherapy with purified protein derivative effectively cures warts that are present locally and also at distant sites. It is safe, economic, and efficacious. Combined purified protein derivative and cryotherapy was found to be the most effective treatment modality for genital warts.
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