Abstract— A new low‐image‐lag drive method is proposed for large‐size LCTVs, taking into account the input signal and inter‐field differential signal dependence of the response time. It was shown that the gray‐level response time was 30–60 ms, which is 2–3 times as long as the ON‐OFF bi‐level response time, and was expressed as a linear function of the input voltage. With the new level adaptive overdrive (LAO) method, the response time was reduced to 17 ms, which is about one‐half to one‐third that of the conventional method and is satisfactory for TV applications. A 10.4‐in. panel has been used to verify the effect of LAO on image quality. Moving images have been clearly observed using the LAO method.
We have developed a 6-bit D/A converter and amplifier integrated low-temperature poly-Si TFT-LCD in which an integrated signal-line driver is driven by a 5-V power supply. We have employed a D/A converter including a new capacitor array and an original amplifier comprised of serially connected comparators to achieve high accuracy. The D/A converter performs gamma correction using upper significant bits of input data. Control signals for these circuits were generated by the integrated timing circuit. These advances in integration have been achieved for the first time using 3-µm design rule and improved LTPS TFT technologies and provide an advanced display system with lower power consumption, smaller module size, and higher durability.
For the purpose of observing the cytotoxic effect of N‐ethyl, N‐nitrosourea (ENU), a potent carcinogen on the central nervous system (CNS) at the late period of organogenesis, the embryonal telencephalic wall was hourly examined under the light and electron microscopes. Pregnant rats on the 13th day and 15th day of gestation were given either a single intravenous injection of 40 or 80 mg./kg. of ENU. The cytotoxic effect on the embryo treated on the 15th day of gestation was severer than that treated on the 13th day of gestation. The common pathological changes in both treated groups are; (1) mitotic arrest 1 hour after administration in the most inner zone of the ventricular layer, (2) degeneration and necrosis occurred predominantly in the so‐called DNA synthetic zone and resulting in cell loss of the ventricular layer, (3) elimination of degenerating products; and (4) tissue repair. The findings mentioned may indicate a cytotoxic effect inducing microencephalia, and furthermore, the teratogenic and carcinogenic mechanisms are discussed.
In this paper we discuss the effect of the unpolarized state in the spin-correlation measurement of the 1 S 0 two-proton state produced in the 12 C(d, 2 He) reaction at the Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI), Groningen. We show that in the presence of the unpolarized state the maximal violation of the Clauser, Horne, Shimony and Holth (CHSH)-Bell inequality is lower than the classical limit if the purity of the state is less than ∼70%. In particular, for the KVI experiment the violation of the CHSH-Bell inequality should be corrected by a factor of ∼10% from the pure 1 S 0 state.
Abstract— A 15‐in. TFT‐LCD with XGA resolution using thresholdless antiferroelectric liquid crystal (TLAF) has been developed. TLAF materials show V‐shaped switching and enable display of analog gray scale, wide viewing angle, and fast response. However, in the case that high‐resolution TFT‐LCDs using materials with large spontaneous polarization such as TLAF were driven by the conventional method, alternating current (ac) driving, the obtained contrast ratio was limited because of a sharp decline of holding voltage due to the growth of a depolarization field. In order to enhance the contrast ratio, a novel driving method referred to as quasi‐dc driving was proposed. In the quasi‐dc driving, the polarity of the applied voltage to liquid crystals inverts at certain intervals of several seconds. Moreover, the applied voltage and the charging time at the time of polarity inversion are increased more than the intended signals. By this method, the 15‐in. TFT‐LCD using TLAF with high contrast ratio (more than 100:1) and wide viewing angle was realized.
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