Fluorescence spectra of the Ã2Πu–X̃2Πg system of CO+2 and CS+2 ions, following electron impact on supersonic jet targets of CO2 and CS2, have been analyzed to determine vibrational populations. The vibrational distributions of the Ã2Πu state of CO+2 and CS+2 were found to be independent of the impact energy in the 30–300 eV range. The distribution of the CO+2(Ã) state is very similar to the result obtained by He i photoelectron spectroscopy (PES), which is a Franck–Condon-type vertical ionization, whereas that of the CS+2(Ã) state is significantly different from the PES data. This non-Franck–Condon behavior for formation of CS+2(Ã) in the electron impact is discussed.
An adaptation of the Monch and Galster specimen form to the biaxial tensile testing of paper is described. This form gives a known, uniform, biaxial stress field. A versatile test instrument for use with such specimens, as well as with wet or dry uniaxial ones, is also described. Poisson's ratio values of well-bonded, isotropic handsheets measured in the elastic region with this equipment are closer to the expected value of approximately one-third than earlier measurements made on equipment using other specimen shapes. Good agreement is observed among Poisson's ratio measurements made biaxially and those made uniaxially on the same specimens. Also, agreement is reasonable with measurements made with an ultrasonic technique.
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