Sorghum accumulates sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) in the stem after anthesis. Brix is commonly used to indicate total sugar content; however, the relationship between Brix and specific sugar components has not been sufficiently investigated in sorghum juice in Japan. In this study, we measured the sugar components of sorghum juices from 109 varieties using capillary electrophoresis, which can quantify each sugar component in crude juice without further purification. The results indicated that the Brix of sorghum juice was proportional to the total sugar and sucrose concentrations (r = 0.900 and r = 0.894, P < 0.01, respectively). Glucose concentration had a significant positive correlation with fructose concentration (r = 0.964, P < 0.01), but no correlation was detected between Brix and the two hexose sugars, glucose and fructose. Our results showed that sucrose comprised approximately 75% of the total sugar in varieties with Brix values greater than 15. These findings may be applied in sorghum breeding efforts to develop varieties that accumulate high levels of sugars in the juicy stems of sorghum plants.
A loss of granule‐bound starch synthase I (GBSS I) activity results in starch granules that contain mostly amylopectin and little or no amylose, a phenotype described as waxy. Previously, two phenotypic classes of waxy alleles, wxa, associated with no detectable GBSS I, and wxb, associated with apparently inactive GBSS I in the endosperm, were reported in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). In this study, the waxy alleles in a sorghum core collection were investigated using DNA markers. Of the 337 sorghum accessions examined, 17 accessions that were confirmed to be waxy by a negative iodine staining result and 16 were found to be wxa. A novel waxy allele, wxc, was found in a Taiwanese landrace. This allele consists of a +1G to C mutation in the 5′ splice site at the intron 10–exon 11 boundary, a mutation that most likely resulted in the suppression of GBSS I gene expression. A DNA marker specific for wxc was produced to distinguish the wxc allele from other alleles, allowing the identification of heterozygous non‐waxy plants.
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