A small mole fraction of phenanthrene (Phen) moieties were covalently incorporated into copolymers of sodium acrylate and acrylamide varying Manning's dimensionless charge density parameter 4 (0.67 < f < 2.8). In aqueous solution with no added salt (except for quenchers), fluorescence of the Phen moieties was efficiently quenched by T1+ ions at very low quencher concentrations. The quenching efficiency markedly increased with increasing 6, which was interpreted as due to counterion condensation. A kinetic model of mixed static and dynamic quenchingin conjunction with Manning's condensation theory was proposed. In this model, fluorescence was postulated to be statically quenched by condensed T1+ ions existing in the active sphere according to the Perrin formulation and also dynamically quenched by atmospheric T1+ ions according to the Stern-Volmer formulation. The quenching data were satisfactorily fit to the kinetic model.The fraction of the static quenching decreased sharply with decreasing t. It was estimated that 34% of the condensed T1+ ions existed in the active sphere for the polymer with f=2.8, while only 1.2% were estimated to be in the active sphere for [=1.5.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.