The crystal structure of high cordierite and that of high cordierite solid solutions containing either Mn or Ga or Ge were refined. The structural changes caused by substitutions and the characteristic features of deformations of each T1O4, T2O4 tetrahedron and MO6 octahedron were clarified. Thorough crystal chemical considerations led to a conclusion that the structure of Mn‐bearing solid solution at room temperature may be regarded as a model structure of high cordierite at an elevated temperature. On the basis of the thermal expansion mechanism derived from this consideration, the thermal expansion behavior of the solid solutions is presented.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra were measured for the high-temperature forms (quenched from 1500°C) of zirconium titanate and its solid solutions, the low-temperature forms (quenched from lOOO"C), and cubic Ba(ZrrizTiliz)03. Two distinct differences in the XPS spectra were noted between the high-and low-temperature forms. The 0 1s spectrum of the high-temperature form consisted of two peaks of nearly equal intensities with a spacing of 2.2 eV, which was larger than the corresponding spacing of 1.6 eV for Ba(Zrl,zTil,2)03, while the spectrum of the lowtemperature forms was almost a single peak. The hightemperature form had an unassignable spectrum with a binding energy of 25 eV between the peaks of Zr 4p and 0 2s. The unassignable spectrum could be a molecular orbital which had been hypothesized to form in these compounds.[
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