Micropillar compression tests made for each of the five intermetallic phases of the Fe-Zn system, which constitute the coating of galvannealed steels, have revealed that the Γ phase formed in direct contact with the steel substrate and the ζ phase formed on the outermost surface are ductile, sandwiching the other three brittle phases (Γ 1 , δ 1k and δ 1p). Compression deformability of these ductile phases is considered to mitigate the coating failure through sustaining ruptured fragments of the brittle phases during the forming process.
The deformation behavior of the ζ (zeta) phase in the Fe-Zn system has been investigated by micropillar compression tests at room temperature with the use of single crystals with thirteen different crystal orientations prepared by the focused ion beam method. Two different slip systems, {110}<112> and (100)[001], are observed to operate. The critical resolved shear stresses (CRSS) value for {110}<112> slip is more than three times smaller than that for (100)[001] slip. From the anisotropy in CRSS for these two slip systems, {110}<112> slip is predicted to operate for most crystal orientations, except for a narrow orientation region around [ 3 05] where (100)[001] slip operates. The CRSS for {110}<112>
This paper presents field data for channel change, bed material, water surface elevation and hydrograph in Tan Chau reach in Vietnam to understand mechanism of the river change. These show that bank shifting tends to occur toward anti-clock wise and sand bars migrate downstream, resulting in a much larger bar, which is influenced by co-presence of non-cohesive and cohesive sediment and by artificial protection works. In addition, bed material loads are originated by bank erosion. A 2-D numerical model is proposed to treat such river changes by introducing erosion rate formula for cohesive material and formula for estimating the thickness of sediment transport layer into a usual method. The new method is applied to the study reach which is 12km long and is supposed to be applicable for predicting channel change of natural river with fine sediment.
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