Background/Aim: Ascites tumor cells from patients with peritonitis carcinomatosa were tested for cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) sensitivity. The patients were divided into CDDP-sensitive and resistant groups. Survival and time to progression (TTP) rates were compared. Materials and Methods: 18 peritonitis carcinomatosa patients with class V ascites based on cytologic diagnosis were enrolled in this study. Chemosensitivity testing of the ascites tumor cells was done to determine their sensitivity to CDDP using a three-dimensional culture matrix of thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP). CDDP at a dose calculated to achieve ascitic fluid drug levels equivalent to the IC50 was given intraperitoneally to 12 CDDP-sensitive patients and 6 CDDP-resistant patients. Results: Both the median survival time and the median TTP were significantly longer in CDDP-sensitive patients than in CDDP-resistant patients (survival time 105 vs. 13 days, p = 0.019; TTP 90 vs. 5 days, p = 0.029). Conclusion: The results indicate the potential feasibility of controlling ascites in cancer patients in whom a maximal dose effect can be achieved with a minimal dose of chemotherapy.
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