The adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of nerve agent, isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, Sarin (GB) on powdery TiO 2 film has been investigated using attenuated total reflection-infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in ambient atmosphere. Producing innocuous isopropyl methylphosphonic acid as a consequence of GB adsorption at the surface of TiO 2 indicates that powdery TiO 2 film is effective to hydrolyze GB. The adsorbed GB and IMPA were quickly decomposed by TiO 2 photocatalysis to give isopropanol, acetone, formate, and methylphosphonic acid, and finally completely mineralized to phosphoric acid, water, and carbon dioxide. We also elucidated a plausible adsorption structure and photocatalytic decomposition mechanism of GB at the surface of TiO 2 photocatalyst.

A peroxo titanic acid (PTA) solution has been prepared by mixing titanic acid wet gel and hydrogen peroxide solution. The PTA solution was a neutral, transparent, stable liquid. The PTA crystallized to form an anatase phase after calcination at a temperature above 250. When the PTA solution was autoclaved at a temperature above 100 for 6h, it changed to a sol containing anatase crystals less than 20nm in diameter. Aggregation occurred after autoclaving at a temperature above 120. When the PTA solution was heated to 100, it was translucent and stable in spite of containing ultrafine anatase crystals (9nm in diameter). It was deduced that the surfaces of anatase crystals are modified by the peroxo groups.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Niobium‐ or vanadium‐doped anatase sols were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of 0.1 mol/dm3 peroxotitanium complex aqueous solutions dissolving 0–10 mol% niobium or vanadium at 100°C for 8 h. Niobium‐doping caused the increase of lattice constants of anatase and the shape change of anatase crystal from spindle‐like to cubic‐like structure, but no change of the optical absorbance. Vanadium‐doping caused the decrease of lattice constant of c‐axis, the miniaturization of anatase crystal and the increase of optical absorbance at the wavelength from 350–700 nm.

GENERAL ANESTHESIAPurpose: To assess whether perioperative intravenous administration of flurbiprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, reduced postoperative pain after abdominal hysterectomy.Methods: Forty-five patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to one of three groups of equal size. A control group (CONT) received a placebo 30 min before and at the end of surgery. The other two groups, PRE and POST, received 1 mg·kg -1 flurbiprofen iv 30 min before and at the end of surgery, respectively. All patients received identical general and epidural anesthesia. Postoperatively, 50 mg diclofenac pr was given for pain relief on patient demand. One of the authors assessed pain using a 10 cm visual analog scale at rest and during coughing at the first request for diclofenac, and at 15, 24, 48, and 72 hr after surgery. The number of times diclofenac was required during the first 24 hr after surgery was also recorded.Results: The number of diclofenac requests in the PRE (1.8 ± 0.4) and POST groups (2.0 ± 0.4) were less than in the CONT group (3.0 ± 0.4). The PRE group showed lower visual analog scale at rest at 15 and 24 hr and on coughing at 24, 48, and 72 hr after surgery than the CONT and POST groups.Conclusion: Intravenous 1 mg·kg -1 flurbiprofen administered during anesthesia reduces postoperative rescue analgesic requirement after abdominal hysterectomy. Moreover, flurbiprofen is more effective when given before than after surgery.Objectif : Vérifier si l'administration intraveineuse périopératoire de flurbiprofène, un anti-inflammatoire non stéroïdien, réduit la douleur postopératoire d'une hystérectomie abdominale.Méthode : Quarante-cinq patientes devant subir une hystérectomie abdominale ont été réparties au hasard en trois groupes égaux. Un groupe témoin (TEM) a reçu un placebo, 30 min avant et à la fin de l'opération. Les deux autres groupes, PRE et POST, ont reçu 1 mg·kg -1 de flurbiprofène iv 30 min avant et à la fin de l'intervention, respectivement. Toutes les patientes ont reçu une anesthésie générale et épidurale identique. Après l'intervention, 50 mg de diclofénac pr ont été administrés sur demande comme analgésie. Un des auteurs a évalué la douleur en utilisant une échelle visuelle analogique de 10 cm, au repos et pendant la toux à la première demande de diclofénac et, puis à 15, 24, 48 et 72 h après l'opération. On a aussi noté le nombre de demandes de diclofénac pendant les 24 premières heures postopératoires.

No abstract