The cost of energy produced by offshore wind turbines is considered to be higher than land based ones because of the difficulties in construction, operation and maintenance on offshore sites. To solve the problem, we propose a concept of a wind turbine that is specially designed for an offshore environment. In the proposed concept, a floater of revolutionary shape supports the load of the wind turbine axis. The floater rotates with the turbine and the turbine axis tilts to balance the turbine thrust, buoyancy and gravity. The tilt angle is passively adjustable to wind force. The angle is 30 • at rated power. The simplicity of the system leads to further cost reduction of offshore power generation.

a b s t r a c tThere is a demand of analyzing tilted Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) for the emerging applications like VAWTs operating on high rise buildings, Floating Axis Wind Turbine (FAWT) functioning in deep sea, and so on. For this purpose numerical validation of an existing experimental work of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) in upright and tilted conditions has been carried out. The numerical validation is accomplished by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis by solving Unsteady Reynolds Averaged NaviereStokes (URANS) equation. A rigorous parametric study of choosing a right turbulence model for solving URANS equation, mesh dependency analysis and optimum time step is comprehended. After choosing the right parameters, validation is performed. Following that the flow fields of upright and tilted conditions are visualized. The possible reasons of getting higher power coefficient in tilted condition have been discussed. While carrying out the study, it is observed that in case of tilted configuration the wake stream shifts downward. This feature of VAWT in tilted condition could lead into effective sea surface utilization in floating offshore wind farms.

Double-blade vertical axis wind turbines (DB-VAWTs) can improve the self-starting performance of lift-driven VAWTs. We here propose the quadruple-multiple streamtube model (QMS), based on the blade element momentum (BEM) theory, for simulating DB-VAWT performance. Model validity is investigated by comparison to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) prediction for two kinds of two-dimensional DB-VAWT rotors for two rotor scales with three inner-outer radius ratios: 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75. The BEM-QMS model does not consider the effects of an inner rotor on the flow speed in the upwind half of the rotor, so we introduce a correction factor for this flow speed. The maximum power coefficient predicted by the modified BEM-QMS model for a DB-VAWT is thus closer to the CFD prediction.

Two male cases of pseudologia phantastica are reported. The first case regards unprecedented, indiscriminate murders by the use of the poison gas, sarin, and other unreasonable, almost unthinkable crimes allegedly commited by the religious cult Aum Shinrikyo, currently being examined in a criminal trial. O n the basis of scrutiny of the publications of the founder of Aum Shinrikyo and his followers, as well as the founder's comments and his attitude in the courts, the author concludes that the founder of Aum is a typical pseudologia phantastica. Case 2 concerns the self-styled Professor Tsuchiya who was apparently a swindler. At least three significant deceptions have been confirmed. The forensic implications of p s e u d o l o p phantastica are discussed, as is the necessity of psychiatric evidence to assist with smooth trial proceedings. The author stresses the importance of psychiatry in preventing crimes committed by persons with p s e u d o l o p phantastica.

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