Purpose: To report a case of macular hole (MH) secondary to a retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAMA) which was successfully treated with an autologous transplantation of internal limiting membrane (ILM). Case Report: An 87-year-old female presented with a sudden decrease in central vision in the right eye. A fundus examination revealed a RAMA in the superonasal macular region, a subretinal hemorrhage (SRH), involving the macula, and a sub-ILM hemorrhage. A pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was performed. Intraoperatively, an MH filled with coagulum was detected. We tried to blow off and drain the SRH with a current of BSS and a gentle suction with a 27-gauge vitreous cutter from the MH, but some amount of SRH at the bottom of the MH remained. The ILM was peeled off for 2 disc diameters around the MH. The vitreous cavity was filled with air at the end of the operation. Two weeks after the surgery, the MH was not closed. One month following the initial PPV, a second PPV was performed to achieve closure of the MH. Results: An autologous transplantation of ILM was performed as second PPV. Six months after the final surgery, the MH was successfully closed and the best-corrected decimal visual acuity was 0.6. Conclusions: Autologous ILM transplantation can be an effective treatment option for MH closure following RAMA rupture.

We conducted microstructural and microchemical analyses of deformation bands in a forearc fold belt consisting of the Eocene Urahoro Group located in northern Japan. In the study area, there was one flexure (or monocline) developed where deformation bands pervasively occurred in arkosic sandstone intercalated with mudstone and coal layers. Deformation bands formed at the maximum burial depth of c. 1.5–2.5 km; this was inferred from both the thickness of the overlying strata and vitrinite reflectance values (%RO) of the coal layers (c. 0.5). These bands were inferred to have originated as phyllosilicate bands, which developed into cataclastic bands with increasing strain on sandstones with up to c. 10% volume of phyllosilicate. In the cataclastic bands, the detrital grains in the host parts were crushed into sizes less than one-half to one-fifth of the original ones, and the long axis of the fractured grains tended to align parallel to the deformation bands. It was found that the deformation bands became a site of intense weathering at later stages, where not only detrital biotite grains were altered to vermiculite and kaolinite, but also authigenic clay minerals such as smectite grew in pore spaces created by the fracturing of detrital grains.