In this study, Multi-level SEM was applied to the data in which each real environment was evaluated by real users. The case studies were undertaken on the data of offices, city environments and public libraries. As a result, it was shown that Multi-level SEM is effective to grasp hidden (unnoticed) utilities of environment, such as contextual effects. Additionally, regarding methodology, following achievements were obtained. 1) Guidelines for selection of data/variables and pre-processing technique were presented. 2) Pre-analysis techniques were proposed to examine differences between interclass and intraclass effects. 3) Techniques for dealing with attenuation of intraclass effect were studied.
This paper presents a research result on cognitive difference of interior living space between professionals specialized in architecture ("Professionals") and general public ("Non-professional"). 1) Almost perfect match in cognitive structure of aesthetic values up to the first four cognitive dimensions. The difference was observed at the fifth dimension. 2) Different interpretation of aesthetic values: Non-Professionals tend to recognize adjectives that appeal to emotion better, while Professionals recognize the description of interior components and details. 3) The interior planning may be implemented smoothly if different languages are used by Professionals in the fifth dimensions that appeal to Non-Professionals.
In this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to understand requirements related to encouraging participation in mutual interchanges for the elderly, known as "salon activities". Our subjects are middle-aged and elderly residents of apartment complexes. Findings were obtained using a causal model via SEM. In determining salon activities, such as in meetings, it's effective to appeal to the necessity of "preparation for disasters and old age." During the activities, it's effective to examine policies that foster participation in "salon activities that give purpose and a sense of culture" related to daily life. It's important to suggest participation before aging progresses.
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