For monorail systems, it is very important to ensure the safety of the ground structure. We developed a tram car for slopes that utilizes the mechanism of the monorail and analyzed the stress of the ground structure that had double rails. First, we divided the ground structure into seven components, and formulated a procedure for calculating the stress of the ground structure. As a result, the stress that acts upon the main rail and the main rail connecting part was near the allowable stress, and each calculated value was within the allowable stress. We measured the stress by running the vehicle, and compared the measured values with the calculated values. As a result, some measured values were larger than the calculated values. However, the ratio of measured value to allowable stress was 90% or less. Finally, we calculated the static loading coefficient for each part, results of which were as follows: main and subrail: 1.1; rail connection part and prop foundation part: 1.0; rail installation part: 1.3. In the recalculations, it became clear that the recalculated values exceeded the allowable stresses. These results suggest that we need to review the ground structure materials.
Efficiency of Containerized Seedlings Using the Different Planting Implements. J Jpn For Soc 98: 223 226 The purpose of this study is to clarify the bottleneck elemental works in planting using containerized seedlings. For this purpose, the total number of people planted containerized seedlings using implements hoe, dibble, spade, and planting tube , and we analyzed working efficiency and elemental works with the implements. The results showed that the highest working efficiency is the hoe. The working efficiency of pitting with a dibble or spade or planting tube is lower that those of pitting with a hoe. The working efficiency of planting with planting tube is lower than that of planting with hoe. The work time to tread down around a seedling and the work time to move to the next planting ground is not affected by the difference in the planting implements. We show that the efficiency improvement of the pitting and planting is necessary for the high efficiency of the planting work using planting implements besides the hoe.
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