Over the past 30 years as caregivers, clinicians have been exposed to a plethora of new advanced wound dressings. The moist wound care revolution began in the 1970s with the introduction of film and hydrocolloid dressings, and today these are the traditional types of dressings of the advanced dressing categories. Wound-healing science has progressed significantly over the same period, as a result of intense clinical and scientific research around these product introductions. Today, the clinician understands moist wound healing, occlusion, cost effectiveness, wound bed preparation and MMP activity to name but a few of the many concepts in wound care that have flourished as a result of technology and product advancement. This review article presents a condensed history of dressing development over the past 30 years. However, in addition, such advancement is discussed in respect to its adoption in different parts of the world. The largest single markets of the world are generally the United States of America and Europe; as such, the development of both practice and technology generally begins there. Much has been written about these markets in previous review articles. For the purposes of this review, the development of wound care and the maturing of practice is discussed in respect to Canada, Japan and Australia representing smaller geographical areas where the development has been more recent but nonetheless significant.
We demonstrate local manipulation and detection of nuclear spin coherence in semiconductor quantum wells by an optical pump-probe technique combined with pulse rf NMR. The Larmor precession of photoexcited electron spins is monitored by time-resolved Kerr rotation (TRKR) as a measure of nuclear magnetic field. Under the irradiation of resonant pulsed rf magnetic fields, Rabi oscillations of nuclear spins are traced by TRKR signals. The intrinsic coherence time evaluated by a spin-echo technique reveals the dependence on the orientation of the magnetic field with respect to the crystalline axis as expected by the nearest neighbor dipole-dipole interaction.
At present, because the rpe rate is more than 70%, resection of the pancreas, including the superior mesenteric vein and the retropancreatic fusion fascia, is essential for a curative resection, because the retropancreatic tissue between the back of the pancreas and this fascia is anatomically considered to be in the position of the subserosal tissue in the gallbladder or stomach. Combined resection of the superior mesenteric artery may further improve the results of resection for pancreatic cancer, from the anatomical viewpoint.
We studied the transport of photoinjected spins in GaAs by time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. At low temperatures, the spin polarization after drift transport of 4 μm is found to decrease as the applied electric field E increases to a few kV/cm, and it disappears when E exceeds 3 kV/cm. The origin of the field-dependent spin relaxation is discussed.
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