The benefits of immunochemotherapy employing the biological response modifier polysaccharide K (PSK) for patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer was reassessed by means of a meta-analysis of data with center randomization from 1,094 patients enrolled in three clinical trials. In all three trials, patients were followed up for at least 5 years after surgery and enrollment of the last patient and outcomes for standard chemotherapy were compared with those for chemotherapy plus PSK. The endpoints were overall survival and disease-free survival; and intent-to-treat analysis was performed without patient exclusion. Data were analyzed using the weighted average of the individual log hazard ratios. The overall survival risk ratio for all eligible patients was 0.71 (95% confidence interval (CI) : 0.55-0.90; P=0.006), and the disease-free survival risk ratio was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.58-0.90; P=0.003). The results of this meta-analysis suggest that adjuvant immunochemotherapy with PSK can improve both survival and disease-free survival of patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer.
It is suggested that the consecutive administration of UFT at 400 mg/day was an effective and highly safe therapeutic method as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for rectal cancer.
Dimensions of Japanese person perception were assessed using Norman's (1963) method and stimulus materials. These dimensions were then compared statistically with results from similar studies involving subjects from the United States and from the Philippines. Students from Japan and the United States grouped the same behaviors into the five factors of extroversion, good-naturedness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and culture. For all three subject populations, the same behavior descriptions were grouped together to form the high variance dimensions of extroversion, good-naturedness, and conscientiousness. The factors of emotional stability and culture, however, appear to be construed in culturally specific ways. Differences in the relative strength of the first three factors across the three cultures were discussed with the prominence of the extroversion factor in Japan being related to the importance of relative status in Japanese society.
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