Clinical characteristics, diagnostic imaging, arthroscopic findings, and surgical results of arthroscopic treatment are reported in 62 hands with traumatic triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury treated between 1995 and 2002. This retrospective study also describes and compares the results of a novel arthroscopic suture technique for repairing tears with Palmer's class 1B and 1D tears. According to Palmer's classification, there were 10 class 1A, 27 1B, 8 1C, and 17 1D injuries. The arthroscopic suture and débridement treatments were done under brachial plexus block as a 1-day in-hospital procedure. Class 1D tears required transradial fixation to anchor the TFCC. Surgical results of suture groups according to Minami's criteria were excellent in 16 hands, good in 15 hands, fair in 1 hand, and poor in 1 hand. The results of the débridement group were excellent in 16 hands, good in 10 hands, fair in 2 hands, and poor in 1 hand. The results of the current study indicate that the novel suture technique were easy to perform, provided strong, tight repair for class 1D injuries, and was applicable for class 1B injuries in this small case series.
The authors quantitatively investigated the effects of open area ratio and pattern structure on fluctuations in critical dimension (ΔCD) and Si recess depth (ΔdR). To model these effects, under the assumption that three factors—mask open area ratio at the wafer level (global), chip level (semi-local), and local level (local)—affect ΔCD and ΔdR, they performed experiments using wafers ranging from 0.60 to 0.91 of the global range (RG) and the semi-local range (RS) treated by the HBr/O2 plasma etching process, where photoresist mask patterns on the poly-Si film with solid angles (ΩL) ranging from 0.2π to 0.9π were located. As a result, the authors found that ΔCD had positive and linear correlation with the RG value, which was consistent with the trend of the integrated intensity of the etched by-product (SiBrx) estimated by optical emission spectroscopy data and with that of taper angles of observed etched profiles. They also clarified that ΔCD was affected by the amount of SiBrx generated within several times of the mean free path area for the semi-local dependence and that the ΩL value within a 2 μm area, not the pattern space, had a good correlation with fluctuations in ΔCD as a control indicator. Using this experimental knowledge, the authors developed a quasi-three-dimensional Si gate etching simulation procedure that demonstrates the ΔCD value and the etched profile characteristics. Furthermore, our simulation procedure found that ΔdR caused by ion bombardment in the Si substrate, as well as ΔCD, deeply depended on the (RG + RS)ΩL factor. Taking account of the relationship between dR and the ion energy reduced by the SiBrx deposition depth on the Si substrate, the authors found that dR was dependent on the factor, which was consistent with experimental data. These results show that for improving device performance, it is crucial to consider the effect of (RG + RS)ΩL on ΔCD and ΔdR in controlling plasma etching parameters, such as ion energy, gas flux, and etching time.
The status of cell-mediated immunity was studied in 360 patients with gastric cancer before surgery. For the skin test, tuberculin and DNCB were employed. For the in vitro test, the blastogenesis of peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), the ratio of rosette-forming T cells to sheep blood red cells, and the macrophage migration inhibitory factor against autoch-thonous tumor antigens were measured. As a result, it was found that in progressive gastric cancers the cell-mediated immunity decreased specifically or nonspecifically, especially the DNCB reaction; and the blastogenesis against PHA showed an inverse correlation to the advance of gastric cancer. Cancer 3 8 : 2 343-234 8, 1 9 7 6. N 1902, REED FIRST REPORTED THAT IN CASES
Sixty three cancer cases who received minimum of the removal of the main tumor constitute the subjects of the present study. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied using extirpated autochthonous tumor tissues as antigen and guinea-pig peritoneal exudative cells as indicator cells immediately before the operation and the fourth postoperative week. The results indicated that in those cases of relatively early stage, i.e. Stages I and II, whose tumor was believed to have been removed completely, MIF turned negative in 7/9 (77.8 per cent) after the operation, while in others with advanced cancer of Stage IV in which the tumor bearing tissue was probably not completely removed, MIF turned positive in most cases (13/17: 75.6 per cent) postoperatively, even though it was negative before the operation. In the cases of Stage III with cancer progressed to an intermediate degree, in about half of the cases (7/11: 63.6 per cent) MIF turned negative after the operation and in the other half (7/10: 70 per cent) MIF became positive postoperatively, suggesting that for MIF to persist the presence of certain amount of tumor tissue is necessary.
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