-In Mediterranean countries to semi-arid climate like Morocco, the phenomenon of eutrophication of water bodies is posed with great acuity. The enrichment of water of retaining dam by nutrients, especially phosphorus compounds causing an accelerated growth of algae and higher forms of plant. This development leads to an undesirable disturbance to the equilibrium of organisms present in the water and leads a degradation of the water quality. So it seems particularly useful to seek to determine the various forms of phosphorus bound to sediment and of evaluate in particular the contents of bioavailable forms. The objective of this work is the study of spatial variations of the different forms of phosphorus sedimentary, such as inorganic forms {Fe (OOH)-P and CaCO 3 -P} and organic forms, in the retaining of Sidi Chahed dam (Morocco), as well as the elaboration of spatial distribution maps of these forms of phosphorus by the use of geographic information systems (GIS). The Thematic maps elaborated by the Geographical Information System (GIS), of the different forms of phosphorus characterizing the environmental condition of the retaining of Sidi Chahed dam, allows to have more accurate distribution of concentrations of forms of sedimentary phosphorus overlying the area of the retaining of dam. The results show that the sediment of plots whose the concentrations of Fe(OOH)-P and CaCO 3 -P are inversely proportional, that is that the high sediment concentrations of Fe(OOH)-P have less significant concentrations of CaCO 3 -P, and vice versa.
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