This study reveals that maternal depressive symptoms and IPV are associated with adverse child nutritional and developmental outcomes. Further research is needed to develop programs to address IPV and depression among women and enhance the growth and development of their children.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of commonly used program modifications classified under cultural adaptation and program translational strategies for the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) in terms of risk reduction for type 2 diabetes. Methods Authors extracted data about weight, body mass index (BMI), and five areas of program modification strategies from 28 interventions and analyzed them in SPSS software. Bivariate analyses examined the odds of achieving a significant reduction in outcomes by each modification of the DPP and by presence of a maintenance component as well as the mean reduction of weight and BMI by more versus fewer modifications and by the presence of a maintenance component. Results There were no statistically significant differences in achieving a significant reduction in weight or BMI by any type of modification or by the presence of a maintenance component. Programs with fewer modifications reported significantly greater reduction in mean weight at 12 months post-intervention and at furthest time point extracted. Programs with a maintenance component achieved significantly greater reduction in mean weight measured at furthest time point extracted. Conclusions The DPP appears to be programmatically robust to a wide variety of cultural adaptation and translational strategies. Potentially cost-saving modifications do not seem to reduce effectiveness, which should encourage implementation on a broader scale. Program planners should, however, make efforts to include maintenance components because they appear to significantly reduce risk for acquiring type 2 diabetes.

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for their help in recruitment of patients. They were not compensated.1. Luke JJ, Flaherty KT, Ribas A, Long GV. Targeted agents and immunotherapies: optimizing outcomes in melanoma [published online April 4, 2017]. Nat Rev Clin Oncol.

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