Shahab-ud-din Bukhari 1 INTRODUCTION Tinea capitis is the dermatophyte infection of the scalp with varied clinical presentation. Tinea capitis is predominantly seen in preadolescent adults and is rare in adults. In adults cases generally occur in immunocompromised patients. Tinea capitis may be rare in adults due to the fungistatic activity of long chain saturated fatty acids in sebum which appear after puberty and unknown immunological factors. 1 Colonization by Malassezia globosa may interfere with dermatophyte contamination, and the thicker calibre of adult hair may protect against dermatophytic invasion. 2 Tinea capitis presents clinically as irregularly shaped scaly alopecic patches, with hair broken off at varying levels from hair follicle. 3-5 The clinical presentation in adults is often atypical; resembling impetigo, folliculitis decalvans or scalp cellulitis. 6,7 This atypical presentation along with rarity of the condition in adults often leads to delay in diagnosis. METHODS This is a prospective study conducted in Department of Dermatology of SKIMS-MCH from April 2015 to March 2016. The study included all patients older than 18 years. Ethical Clearance was taken from Institute Ethics Committee. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Clinically suspected cases of tinea capitis were confirmed by mycological examination. Clinical material was microscopically examined with the use of 20% KOH for hyphae and arthroconidia. The Samples ABSTRACT Background: Tinea capitis is the dermatophyte infection of the scalp with varied clinical presentation. Tinea capitis is predominantly seen in preadolescent adults and is rare in adults. Growing number of authors have reported increase in incidence among adults. Clinical presentation in such case is often atypical leading to delay in diagnosis. Methods: The study included all patients older than 18 years. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Clinical material was microscopically examined with the use of 20% KOH for hyphae and arthroconidia. The Samples were also inoculated on Sabourauds Agar and Mycosel Agar for 15 days. For each patient we collected information about sex, menstrual status, predisposing factor, symptoms and etiological agent. Results: Out of 457 cases of tinea capitis 14 patients were adults and represented 3.06% of all cases. All patients were females. The most common etiological agent was T. violaceum (35%), followed by T. mentagrophytes (21.43%), T. tonsurans (14.29%), T. rubrum (14.29%) and T. schoenleinii (14.29%). Conclusions: Tinea capitis in adults is not so rare, particularly in post-menopausal women. The presentation is often atypical mimicking other inflammatory conditions of scalp and should be included as a differential diagnosis of inflammatory conditions not responding to conventional treatment.
Pulp and paper mill is considered as core sector industry and fifth largest contributor to industrial water pollution. The waste water generated is having intense color, high levels of BOD, COD, turbidity and phenols. Many physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies for effluent treatment are already in practice, among which biological method of effluent degradation is found to be efficient and cost effective involving the natural processes resulting in the efficient conversion of hazardous compounds into simpler ones. In the present investigation, Aspergillus niger is used as a test strain for pollution remediation. From the results it is observed that the organism proved its efficiency by reducing the COD, BOD and Lignin concentration of effluent.
Textile industry effluent contains a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants. Effluents largely containing high concentration of dyestuffs, salts, acids, bases, surfactants, dispersants, humectants, oxidants and detergents render these waters asthetically unacceptable and unusable. Treatment of high volumes of wastewater becomes crucial because textile dyes are well known mutagens and carcinogens posing risks to various ecosystems, animals' health and agriculture. This situation has necessitated the development of effective and efficient wastewater treatment strategies without further stressing the environment and endangering other life forms. Phytoremediation catalyzed by green plants and their associated metabolic processes has emerged as a comparatively new approach and has proven to be one of the most effective environmental friendly strategies for removal and detoxification of contaminants. Several aquatic macrophytes have been found to effectively minimize the pollutant concentration in waste water. The present study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of Pistia stratiotes for treating textile wastewater in reducing the concentration of nitrates and phosphates. The result revealed that concentration of nitrates and phosphates reduced considerably upon phytotreatment.
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