Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine that the administration of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril would confer protection against doxorubicin-induced experimental heart failure, and attenuate the development of left ventricular dysfunction. Methods: Seventeen dogs were chronically instrumented with an intracoronary catheter and received doxorubicin weekly for 4 weeks. Animals were assigned to two groups: group 1: untreated heart failure; and group 2: simultaneous enalapril administration (5 mg twice a week). Hemodynamic data were obtained at week 0 and 12. Echocardiography was performed weekly. Results: Survival improved with simultaneous enalapril administration (36% in group 1 vs. 100% in group 2, Ps0.04). The increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly reduced at week 12 (17"1 mmHg in group 1 vs. 9"1 mmHg in group 2, Ps0.0042). The fall in left ventricular stroke work index was significantly prevented (52% in group 1 vs. 21% in group 2, Ps0.006). The increase in right ventricular end-diastolic diameter was significantly reduced by enalapril prophylaxis. Conclusion: Simultaneous treatment with enalapril was beneficial in the prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.
Rhinophyma, the end stage in the development of acne rosacea, is characterized by sebaceous hyperplasia, fibrosis, follicular plugging, and telangiectasia. Although it is commonly considered a cosmetic problem, it can result in gross distortion of soft tissue and airway obstruction. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a rare finding in patients with rhinophyma. The objective of this study is to review the literature of BCC in rhinophyma and report on a case. A 70-year-old male presented with long-standing rosacea that resulted in a gross nasal deformity. The patient suffered from chronic drainage and recurrent infections that failed conservative treatment with oral and topical antibiotics. The patient decided to proceed with surgical intervention and underwent tangential excision and dermabrasion in the operating room. Since 1955 there have been 11 cases reported in the literature. In our case, the pathology report noted that the specimen had an incidental finding of a completely resected BCC. The patient did well postoperatively and at follow-up remains tumor-free. Despite the uncommon occurrence of BCC in resection specimens for rhinophyma, we recommend that all specimens be reviewed by a pathologist. If BCC is detected, re-excision may be necessary and careful follow-up is mandatory. Larger studies would be needed to determine the correlation between the 2 conditions.
End-stage heart disease is a major health care issue and it represents one of the most costly diseases. Several experimental heart failure models have been developed; however, a single model is not widely accepted as representative of clinical heart failure. The doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy model was used in the current study to address two issues: 1) to define a standardized dose regimen of intracoronary doxorubicin infusion; and 2) to establish a method of determining the onset and time course of heart failure. Twenty dogs underwent placement of an intracoronary catheter. A total dose of 1 mg/kg of intracoronary doxorubicin was infused. Hemodynamics were obtained at weeks 0, 7, and 12. Echocardiography was performed weekly. Right and left ventricular biopsy specimens were examined at weeks 0 and 12. Survival after doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was 60% at week 12. The development of heart failure was demonstrated by a significant decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac index and a significant increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and volume. The leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit decreased significantly. Histologic changes of both the right and left ventricular myocardial biopsy specimens included myocellular hypertrophy, loss of myofibrillar material, and vacuolization. Intracoronary doxorubicin reliably produced an experimental model of accelerated heart failure that developed over the course of 12 weeks. Echocardiographic monitoring allowed a close surveillance of heart failure development. This model may be useful to evaluate the efficacy of cardiomyoplasty, mechanical assist devices, transplantation, and reduction ventriculoplasty.
Tissue expander breast reconstruction is a common post mastectomy breast procedure performed by plastic surgeons. The purpose of this study was to define the incidence of breast reconstruction prosthetic infection, relate patient characteristics with increased rate of infection, and analyze the influence of postoperative complications to expander/implant infection. A retrospective, single-institution chart review of 195 women with post mastectomy tissue expander/implant reconstructions performed from 2006 through 2008 was conducted. Total periprosthetic infection rate was calculated. Patient factors, operative technique, and noninfectious complications were analyzed and related to increased periprosthetic infection rate. A binary logistic regression model was fitted using periprosthetic infection as the dependent variable and 12 patient characteristics as independent variables, followed by a step-wise model for best fit with a limited number of independent variables. The overall periprosthetic infection rate per patient over the 2 year period was 5.1%. The incidence of periprosthetic infection per reconstructed breast was 3.2%. Odds ratio estimates indicated that the presence of cellulitis increased the odds of periprosthetic infection more than 200 times (p = <0.0001), and inpatient procedures increased the odds 16 times (p = 0.02). Other variables (i.e., age > 65, DM, flap necrosis, smoking, dehiscence, AlloDerm, etc) failed to reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Postoperative breast cellulitis and inpatient status appear to be significant risk factors for increased periprosthetic infection. No significant increase in periprosthetic infection rate was noted with other variables in this model.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.