Patients whose with facial appearance involves dental anomalies and malocclusion face an increased prevalence of various psychosocial problems such as a high level of social anxiety, social avoidance, and low quality of life. This study investigates the patients with craniofacial anomalies and their psychological adjustment concerning the facial and dental appearance. It also evaluates the expectations of this patient group from the orthodontic treatment. Two steps were done in this study. In the first step, translation and validation of the Derriford Appearance Scale (DAS59), The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ), and Patient Expectation from the Orthodontic Treatment (PEOTQ) questionnaires into Maithili were done, and then the main study was conducted using these valid questionnaires. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on the patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies visiting the orthodontics department of Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna (Bihar). All the patients received the Maithili DAS, Maithili PIDAQ and Patients' Expectation from the orthodontic treatment questionnaires. The Maithili version of DAS59, PIDAQ and PEOTQ were developed with outstanding reliability and validity. A significant difference between PIDAQ (p<0.001) and DAS59 scores (p<0.001) was found. In females, the total PIDAQ score was significantly higher as compared to males, but there was no association of DAS scores with gender. Place of residence showed no association with PIDAQ and DAS59 scores in patients. Patients and controls had significant differences between various items, and a comparison was made in terms of expectation from the orthodontic treatment. Altered facial and dental appearance in patients with craniofacial anomalies showed a significant psychological impact.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To compare different craniofacial patterns with pharyngeal widths. In OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) patients, a mutual association between the pharyngeal structures and the dentofacial patterns has been suggested. The present study was performed to compare the nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx dimensions of persons with hypodivergent, normodivegent and hyperdivergent facial types and to predict and to facilitate treatment for OSA patients.Hypothesis: The Null hypothesis for the study was that there is no difference between the upper airway for patients with different growth pattern.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 60 patients divided into three groups: hypodivergent (n=20), normodivergent (n=20), and hyperdivergent (n=20) according to Jarabak’s ratio and FH-MP angle, which were used to compare the soft tissue airway dimensions. The statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-Test, one way ANOVA (analysis of variance) and LSD (Least significant difference) test.RESULT: Overall narrower anteroposterior pharyngeal dimension was found in the hyperdivergent group as compared to the normodivergent group. Whereas, the superior part of upper pharyngeal width in the subjects with hypodivergent growth pattern was significantly narrower than in normal growth pattern groups.CONCLUSION: In hyperdivergent patients, the narrower anterioposterior dimension of the airway may be due to the skeletal features common to such patients, i.e., posterior vertical maxillary excess, posterior position and decreased mandibular size. The variations of the upper airway may be attributed to the horizontal and vertical growth patterns. Upper airway obstruction and later on OSA may be predisposed by skeletal deficiency.
The study was conducted during the Zaid season of 2022 on Sunflower crop at the crop research farm (CRF) in the Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.) India, which is located at 25024' 42" N latitude, 810 50' 56" E longitude and 98 m altitude above the mean sea level, for evaluating the impact of different levels of Sulphur and foliar application of boron on sunflower crop. The experimental design consisted of 10 treatments, including a control, with 3 levels of Sulphur (40, 45, and 50 kg/ha) and 3 levels of Boron (200 ppm at 30 and 45 days and 100 ppm at 30 and 45 DAS). The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments and three replications. The results revealed that application of Sulphur 50 kg/ha in combination with Boron 100 ppm at 30 and 45 DAS showed the highest stem girth (2.96 cm), plant dry weight (50.67g/plant) and the yield attributes namely number of seeds per capitulum (367.86), Test weight (40.84 g), Seed yield (1.48t/ha) and Stover yield (3.87t/ha) and the highest benefit cost ratio (1.70).
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