Background: Liver dysfunction in children is variable and depends on disease severity. This study was undertaken to identify the range of hepatic involvement in children with dengue infection.Methods: It is a cross sectional observational study conducted in serologically positive dengue fever in children aged between 1-14 years. Hepatic function was studied in all suspected cases over a period of 1 year from June 2015 to June 2016.Results: Out of 55 cases admitted, liver function tests showed AST levels elevated more than 45U/L in 20 (86.9%) DF, 29 (100%) DHF, 3 (100%) DSS patients. ALT levels were elevated more than 45U/L in 16 (69.5%) DF, 24 (82.75%) DHF, 3 (100%) DSS patients. More than 10 fold increase in levels of both AST and ALT was seen in severe dengue.Conclusions: Dengue infection is associated with variable levels of liver dysfunction. The incidence of hepatic dysfunction is more in patients with dengue fever with warning signs and severe dengue. Significant elevation of transaminase levels helps in predicting the occurrence of severe dengue. It is important to be aware of this entity which needs significant attention and management.
Background: Congenital malformations are important causes of infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of one year in Princess Esra Hospital, a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. All new-borns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit over a period of 1 year from June 2014 to June 2015 were included in the study. Results: The incidence of congenital malformations (CMF) in the present study is 3%. Among the major congenital malformations, the central nervous system (CNS) and gastrointestinal (GI) malformations were more frequent than others contributing to 28.9% each. The male neonates were more frequently involved than females. Association of low birth and prematurity with increased risk of congenital malformations is also documented. Conclusions: Early prenatal diagnosis and management of common anomalies is strongly recommended.
Introduction: Triage is a sorting process to quickly assess patients upon their arrival in the emergency department which helps to stream them to an appropriate location and adequate treatment. Triage assessment helps in recognising the commonly presenting childhood emergencies to optimise quality of care delivered in the Paediatric Emergency Department. Priority attention can be given to the critically ill or injured patients as how long the patient can safely wait, is predicted by triage. Aim: To provide data on disease spectrum and triage assessment of children presenting to an exclusive Paediatric Emergency Department. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was conducted from October 2020 to September 2021 over a period of one year in the Paediatric Emergency Department at Niloufer Hospital, a tertiary care children hospital in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. All children in the age group of one month to twelve years triaged by fivelevel Canadian triage and acute scale were included in the study. Data was collected from the register maintained at the Emergency Department. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data. Micosoft excel sheets were used for recording data. Results: During the study period, 7986 children were admitted with 5718 (71.6%) males and 2268 (28.4%) females. A total of 4352 (54.5%) patients were less than one year age. Neurological emergencies, acute febrile illnesses, respiratory illnesses were most common reasons for emergency visits. The number of chidren presenting with triage level 1,2,3 were n=4369 (54.71%). Conclusion: Majority of the patients attending the Emergency Department were less than one year old and acute febrile illnesses and seizures were the most common causes for admissions. Triaging and priorisation of pediatric emergencies is strogly recommended for early recognition of life threatening illnesses and to improve outcomes. Specially trained nurses, healthcare professionals trained in Basic Life Support (BLS) and Paediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) will go a long way in reducing morbidity and mortality.
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