Objetivou-se com o estudo avaliar a percepção dos condutores do transporte rodoviário de bubalinos sobre o bem-estar animal e sua influência na qualidade da carcaça e carne. Para a realização do estudo, aplicaram-se questionários estruturados e semiestruturados a 44 condutores do transporte rodoviário de bubalinos de três abatedouros-frigoríficos. Com o instrumento utilizado na pesquisa obteve-se informações inéditas, como: (i) exclusividade do gênero masculino na atividade; (ii) baixo nível de escolaridade entre os condutores, com predominância do ensino fundamental incompleto e completo; (iii) longo tempo de experiência dos entrevistados na atividade de transporte de bubalinos; (iv) pouco ou nenhum entendimento da responsabilidade com a carga animal transportada, sobretudo, relacionada à necessidade de fornecimento de água aos bubalinos, realização de paradas do veículo para atender às necessidades fisiológicas dos animais, utilização inadequada de dispositivos para o manejo dos bubalinos, seja no embarque, translado ou desembarque e, transporte de alta densidade de carga animal; (v) conhecimentos superficiais ou mesmo ausentes da temática bem-estar animal; e, (vi) não participação dos condutores em treinamentos sobre boas práticas de manejo no transporte de animais o que converge para o não entendimento da influência direta do transporte realizado de maneira inadequado sobre a qualidade da carcaça e carne. Conclui-se que apesar da existência de normas específicas para o transporte de cargas vivas, empresas do setor de abate animal, proprietários e articuladores de negociações negligenciam o assunto. Dessa forma, fiscalizações de trânsito devem ser realizadas no sentido de coibir e disciplinar o trânsito de cargas vivas no estado do Maranhão, orientar condutores do transporte rodoviário de bubalinos sobre a importância da observância dessas leis e das que disciplinam sobre o bem estar animal.
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Condições de comercialização da carne bovina em mercados municipais e percepção de atores sociais sobre a qualidade Marketing conditions for beef in municipal markets and social actors' perception of quality
The aim of the present study is to report the technical procedures applied to fetal blood, omasum and ears deriving from beef cattle slaughter in a slaughterhouse in São Luís County-Maranhão State. A case study, divided into three stages, was conducted for such a purpose: (i) technical visitations to observe and better understand waste generation and its use process; (ii) analysis of slaughterhouse records about waste destination; and, (iii) photographic records for the best analysis of waste-use conditions. Based on the results, the slaughterhouse does not have the appropriate infrastructure to use the assessed waste given its artisanal techniques, which are not in compliance with the sanitary, hygiene and humanitarian legislation in Brazil. The use of waste presenting economic and commercial value is feasible and, yet, a way to go on with the technological process adopted by the assessed slaughterhouse. However, it is of paramount importance adjusting the implemented procedures and techniques in order to achieve production-management update, technological advancements in the industrial structure, and economic gains. Nevertheless, these actions must be in compliance with environmental prevention principles. It is also important emphasizing the need of rigorous inspections by the Official State Inspection and Livestock and Agriculture Defense Service in the assessed slaughterhouse.
The aim of the present study is to identify the occurrence of abscesses in cattle after the administration of bivalent foot-and-mouth disease vaccine as adverse reaction to components in the new commercial vaccine formulation. Thirty bovines were divided into three groups composed of 10 animals, each. Groups 1 and 2 were vaccinated by researchers based on good vaccination practices criteria. Group 1 was intramuscularly administered with the vaccine, Group 2 received it through subcutaneous route and Group 3 was vaccinated by breeders through subcutaneous route. Animals were selected and observed in vivo in three different moments (7, 28 and 45 days after vaccination). Subsequently, they were observed during post mortem inspection in order to assess the occurrence of vaccine abscesses. Vaccine abscesses were recorded in 40% of bovines in Group 1, in 50% of the ones in Group 2 and in 60% of those in Group 3. There was no significant difference between experimental groups based on the Chi-square test and on Cramer's V analysis; there was no significant difference among experimental groups. Excess of carcass parts presenting vaccine abscesses during post mortem inspection resulted in the meat loss of 1.775 kg in Group 1, of 2.303 kg in Group 2 and of 3.268 kg in Group 3. In conclusion, despite changes in bivalent foot-and-mouth disease vaccine formulation, care should be taken at vaccination time to minimize the occurrence of vaccine abscesses and, consequently, meat losses at slaughter, as well as to reduce losses in beef production chain.
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