Especially for textiles, which contain open structure pores, airflow carrying heat energy transfers from one side to another side by conduction and convection. Convective heat transfer plays a very important role in thermal transfer performance of textiles due to its porous structure. Compression sportswear are generally produced from knitted porous stretch fabrics, which get extended on wearing and remain in the extended state. Since they are worn next to skin and are direct contact with the body surface, their thermal comfort properties are effective on overall clothing comfort. Perhaps the greater contact of the garment to the skin together with the constant airflow can transfer the heat better from the body to the environment. Most of the well-known auxetic materials possess porous microstructures and the sizes of the pores of auxetic materials can vary during the compressive and tensile deformation. In this study, an investigation has been made to evaluate the auxetic effect on the thermal transfer performance of clothing. Two type fabrics having the very similar fabric properties but different knitting structures were provided from the market and producer. While one has an auxetic structure, the other has a standard warp knitting structure commonly used in market. As permeability and porosity are strongly related to each other, we compared air permeability of fabrics in extended state considering the fabric extension results taken from virtual avatar having the same body measurements as subjects in 3D simulation. Fabric surface temperature changes on different clothed body parts investigated by an infrared thermal camera and analysed in thermal camera software (Flir Tools) for thermal transfer performance according to the wearing protocol.
OzetgeSon yillardq modem ordular mafindan elektro-optik sistemlerine duyulan ihtiyaq bu alandaki ara$hrma / geli$tirme faaliyetlerine hiz kazandmni$tir. Ulkemizin en biiyUk savunma sanayi k u~l~g~ olan ASELSAN, bu kritik teknoloji alaninda iistiin performansli, tamamen yerli iiriinler tararlayip, iiretmektedir. Bu qalqmada, optik, mekanik, elektronik ve yarilim disiplinlerini biinyesinde banndrran, iistiin g6riintU i$leme teknikleri kullanilarak, ASELSAN tarafindan tasarlanip, iiretilen Sahingiizii Elektro-Optik Sensiir Sistemi tanittlmaktadir. AbstractElectro-optical system requirements for modem armies speed up many research and development (R & D) programs in this field during the last couple of decades. ASELSAN, Turkey's biggest defence company, has been creating high performance indigenous designs in this technology field. In this study, the design and implementation of the indigenous thermal imaging system by ASELSAN, Sahingozii Elektm-Optical Sensor System, is covered. This system includes the cooperative work of engineers from optics, mechanics, electronics and software disciplines and implements intense image processing algorithms.
Next-to-skin sportswear are generally produced from knitted strecth fabrics, which get extended on wearing and remain in the extended state. Since they are worn next to skin and are direct contact with the body surface, their thermal comfort properties are effective on overall clothing comfort. In this paper, an investigation has been made to evaluate the effect of garment fit and fabric extension on the thermal transfer performance of clothing. The method using the combination of infrared thermal camera and 3D virtual garment simulation has been developed considering the fabric extension and clothing surface temperature of different body parts. Two type T-shirts were produced by changing the bust and waist measurements and their thermal transfer performance were investigated in wear trials on subjects having different size. Fabric extension results were taken from virtual avatar in 3D simulation having the same body measurements as subjects. Temperatures changes on different body parts according to the wearing protocol were investigated in thermal camera software (Flir Tools). The experimental results show that compression garment fit and fabric extension influence the heat transfer and clothing surface temperatures. In the sportswear industry, Optimal garment fit should be defined for designing sportswear, especially for performance sportswear.
Aydınlanma dönemi ile birlikte toplumsal, sosyal, siyasi ve hukuki gibi pek çok alanda konumlarını sorgulayan kadınlar, toplum tarafından belirlenen rollerin eşitsiz yapısına karşı birlik olarak direnç göstermeye 18. yy Fransız Devrimi sonrasında başlamışlardır. Sanayi Devrimi’yle birlikte kadının sahada varlık göstermesi bu direnişin gücünü arttırmıştır. 19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru başlayan feminist hareketin sanata etkisi ise 1960’lı yıllara denk gelmektedir. Eril kimliklerin hüküm sürdüğü ideolojilerde ikincil olarak kabul edilen, yok sayılan kadınların başlattıkları bu “ontolojik isyan” da kadın sanatçılar, sanat tarihinde kadın imgesinin temsil edilme biçimlerine ve erkek egemen yapılara karşı ortak bir tavır sergilemiştir. Kadın sanatçılar, eleştirel tavırlarında ifade aracı olarak iğne ve iplik gibi nakış malzemeleri kullanmışlardır. Bu makalede amaçlanan, günümüz sanatında feminist kadın el emeğinin direniş biçimini feminist tarih ve hareketle olan etkileşimiyle birlikte incelemektir. Çalışmada, 1960 sonrası kadın el emeğinin tarihsel arka planını vurgulamak adına, öncelikle Judy Chicago ve Miriam Shapiro’dan daha sonra ise günümüz sanatçılarından örnekler verilerek, el emeğinin çağdaş sanatta bir plastik unsur olarak direnen içeriği araştırılmıştır. Sanatın özerkliğini kazanması sonrasında zanaat olarak kabul edilen kadın el işçiliğinin, özellikle 1960’lı yıllardan başlayarak günümüze kadar politik ve sanatsal itibar kazanması, adı geçen sanatçı işleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Kadın mahkumların sosyal iletişim ağı yaratmak ve kültürel sembolleri de barındıran bir bellek oluşturmak amacıyla yaptıkları kumaş üzeri aplike çalışmaların, makalede bahsedilen feminist sanatçı eserlerini içerik ve plastik dil olarak etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
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