Influenza,
pneumonia, and pathogenic infection of the respiratory
system are boosted in cold environments. Low temperatures also result
in vasoconstriction, restraint of blood flow, and decreased oxygen
to the heart, and the risk of a heart attack would increase accordingly.
The present face mask fabric fails to preserve its air-filtering function
as its electrostatic function vanishes once exposed to water. Therefore,
its filtering efficacy would be decreased meaningfully, making it
nearly impracticable to reuse the disposable face masks. The urgent
requirement for photothermal fabrics is also rising. Nanobased polyethyleneimine–polypyrrole
nanopigments (NPP NPs) have been developed and have strong near-infrared
spectrum absorption and exceptional photothermal convertible performance.
Herein, the mask fabric used PE-fiber-constructed membrane (PEFM)
was coated by the binding affinity of the cationic polyethyleneimine
component of NPP NPs forming NPP NPs-PEFM. To the best of our knowledge,
no study has investigated NPP NP-coated mask fabric to perform infrared
red (solar or body) photothermal conversion efficacy to provide biocompatible
warming, remotely photothermally captured antipathogen, and antivasoconstriction in vivo. This pioneering study showed that the developed
NPP NPs-PEFM could be washable, reusable, breathable, biocompatible,
and photothermal conversable for active eradication of pathogenic
bacteria. Further, it possesses warming preservation and antivasoconstriction.
Thrombotic vascular disorders, specifically thromboembolisms, have a significant detrimental effect on public health. Despite the numerous thrombolytic and antithrombotic drugs available, their efficacy in penetrating thrombus formations is limited, and they carry a high risk of promoting bleeding. Consequently, the current medication dosage protocols are inadequate for preventing thrombus formation, and higher doses are necessary to achieve sufficient prevention. By integrating phototherapy with antithrombotic therapy, this study addresses difficulties related to thrombus-targeted drug delivery. We developed self-assembling nanoparticles (NPs) through the optimization of a co-assembly engineering process. These NPs, called DIP-FU-PPy NPs, consist of polypyrrole (PPy), dipyridamole (DIP), and P-selectin-targeted fucoidan (FU) and are designed to be delivered directly to thrombi. DIP-FU-PPy NPs are proposed to offer various potentials, encompassing drug-loading capability, targeted accumulation in thrombus sites, near-infrared (NIR) photothermal-enhanced thrombus management with therapeutic efficacy, and prevention of rethrombosis. As predicted, DIP-FU-PPy NPs prevented thrombus recurrence and emitted visible fluorescence signals during thrombus clot penetration with no adverse effects. Our co-delivery nano-platform is a simple and versatile solution for NIR-phototherapeutic multimodal thrombus control.
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