CH-BSLNs showed good protection for deltamethrin against photodegradation. This novel nanocarrier may be useful in crop protection as an economical strategy to enhance the effect of pesticides in the field and protect the environment as well.
With the aim to establish a novel nanocarrier system with higher payload and higher photo-protection for deltamethrin (active ingredient) compared to solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) were prepared by combining hot homogenization and sonication with different ratios of corn oil (liquid lipid) and beeswax (solid lipid). Compared to SLN, the incorporation of corn oil gave a higher payload, slower release rate and higher photo-protection for deltamethrin. Particularly, compared to beeswax solid lipid nanoparticles (BSLN), NLC gave a higher payload (approximately 1.79 times) with a high encapsulation efficiency (83.6%), higher photo-protection in direct photolysis (1.8 times) after 12 h exposure of ultraviolet light (UV) and in indirect photolysis (1.37 times) after 2 h exposure of UV in 2% (v/v) acetone solution used as a photosensitizer. This study demonstrated that novel nanocarrier possesses a wide range of applicability in protecting photo-labile compounds for the crop, food and pharmaceutical industries.
In this paper, we study semantic role labelling (SRL), a subtask of semantic parsing of natural language sentences and its application for the Vietnamese language. We present our effort in building Vietnamese PropBank, a first Vietnamese SRL corpus and a software system for labelling semantic roles of Vietnamese texts. In particular, we present a novel constituent extraction algorithm in the argument candidate identification step which is more suitable and more accurate than a common node-mapping method. In the learning machine part, our system integrates distributed word features produced by two recent unsupervised learning models in two learned statistical classifiers and makes use of integer linear programming inference procedure to improve the accuracy. The system is evaluated in a series of experiments and achieves a good result, an $F_1$ score of 74.77\%. Our system, including corpus and software, is available as an open source project for free research and we believe that it is a good baseline for the development of future Vietnamese SRL systems.
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