Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of case-based learning to teach pharmacy students health literacy concepts and skills in managing patients with limited health literacy. Design. A health literacy patient case was developed and incorporated into a case-based learning laboratory. The case involved a patient with limited health literacy and required students to evaluate and formulate a care plan. Assessment. A comparison of pretest and posttest scores demonstrated that students gained health literacy knowledge and skills through completion of the patient case. Students believed that the casebased exercise was successful in meeting specific learning objectives for the course. Conclusions. Addition of a case-based learning was effective in teaching pharmacy students health literacy concepts and skills.
Current mode (ECL) logic has long been the option of choice in those applications requiring logic functions at multigigahertz rates. This trend continues despite the obvious very high static power consumption and small signal swing characterizing this logic. In this work we investigate a simple mechanism for Low-Voltage-Swing Logic (LVSL) to greatly reduce the power requirement of a CML logic subsystem while improving the reliability and signal integrity. For the presented circuits operating at 5 GHz, 50% power reduction is achieved while improving the signal integrity.
Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) secondary to amyloidosis is a rare condition associated with significant blood pressure (BP) drops and problematic symptoms for patients. There is limited literature on the management of nOH secondary to amyloidosis. In this report, we describe a case on a 60-year-old female with an extensive past medical history, including amyloidosis, pulmonary hypertension, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and episodic hypotension, who presents to the hospital with dizziness and home systolic BP readings in the 80s. Due to hypoperfusion, she eventually developed acute kidney failure and was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for intermittent continuous renal replacement therapy with pressor support using norepinephrine. She had difficulty maintaining adequate BPs while on midodrine, so fludrocortisone, followed by pseudoephedrine, were added to improve her pressures. She was subsequently transferred out of the ICU, but her BPs still remained low, and she was not able to sit up without getting dizzy. Droxidopa was eventually added on to help treat her refractory nOH. After droxidopa initiation, her BPs improved and she was able to sit up without dizziness and was finally discharged home. This case report demonstrates the therapeutic usefulness of droxidopa in improving both BPs and symptoms in refractory nOH secondary to amyloidosis.
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