The response behaviors of an ionophore-conjugated polymer-based ion sensor, which consists of a polyacrylamide (PAA) coupled to benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5), for Na+ and Ca2+ in acetonitrile (AN) and N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP) were studied. The PAA–B15C5 electrode showed a Nerstian response to Na+ in AN and Ca2+ in AN and NMP. The electrode was then applied to investigate the complexation of Na+ in AN with such other solvent molecules (D) as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); the successive complex formation constants and Gibbs energies of transfer of Na+ in AN to DMF or DMSO and AN to AN–D mixtures were obtained. Reasonable responses of the electrode to an activity change of Na+ due to the solvation of the basic solvent molecules could be certified. The complex formation constant of Ca2+ in AN with such D as DMF, NMP, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), DMSO and hexamethylphosphoric triamide could be obtained by the electrode. The association constants of Ca2+ with CF3SO3− in AN, propylene carbonate, DMF, and DMSO were determined conductometrically and the constant in AN (K1AN = 1.02 × 104 dm3 mol−1) was used for correcting the variation of calcium ion-activity due to a concentration change of Ca(CF3SO3)2 in AN.
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This study examined the leaching characteristics of three kinds of recycled glass materials by government standard testing method, availability test, pH dependent leaching test and percolation test. As a result of the pH dependent test, leaching amounts of Pb increased in both the acid and alkali areas. Leaching amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) increased in the neutral area or the alkaline one. Leaching amounts of As of foaming glass and glass cullet increased in the neutral area, but of slag it increased in both the acid and alkali area. As a result of the percolation test, Pb and As leached at low L/S, T-Cr and Cr(Ⅵ) continued leaching until 10 L/S. Effects on the groundwater by the leaching of heavy metals were evaluated by simulating percolation of rainwater into the recycled materials. As a result, foam glass affected 1060% to the environmental quality standard for groundwater. Other recycled materials comformed to this standard.
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