To elucidate the mechanism of the electrode reaction at the interface of H2-H20 porous Pt/stabilized zirconia, measurements were made on the electrode interface conductivity, ~, and the steady-state polarization current, I, as a function of H2 partial pressure, P~2, and H20 partial pressure, PH20, up to 800~ The rate of the electrode reaction at 700 to 800~ in H2-H20 atmospheres is faster than that in CO-CO2 and slower than that in 02 rich atmospheres by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. The rate-determining reaction process was the exchange of adsorbed OH radicals between the Pt-and the stabilized zirconia-surface at the triple-phase boundary (TPB) of gas/Pt/stabilized zirconia. When the oxygen activity, a0, ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 128.122.253.228 Downloaded on 2015-05-25 to IP ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 128.122.253.228 Downloaded on 2015-05-25 to IP
We propose and demonstrate a novel technique for simultaneous measurement of the phase index, n(p) , the group index, n(g) , and the thickness, t , of transparent plates by use of a low-coherence interferometer. The output light from a superluminescent diode is focused upon the front plane of a transparent plate that is used as the sample. The sample stage is subsequently moved until the light is focused upon the rear plane of the plate. Measurement of the stage movement distance and the corresponding optical path difference allows us to determine both n(p) and n(g) . By placing the sample between two glass plates, we measured n(p) , n(g) , and t simultaneously, with an error of 0.3% or less, for nearly 1-mm-thick transparent plates, including glass and electro-optic crystals.
Photochromic diarylethene derivatives containing 2,4-diphenylphenyl substituents formed stable amorphous solids and showed reversible solid-state photochromism. Refractive indices of the amorphous films changed reversibly with the photochromic reactions as much as ∆n ) 0.028 at 817 nm. Changes in both absorption band and static polarizability contributed to the large refractive index modulation.
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