The main aim of this study was to examine residents’ environmental behavior in sorting solid household waste, and to identify the integrative factors that contribute to their waste-separation cooperation and other related pro-environmental behaviors. This was achieved based on a questionnaire survey in Shenyang, Chengdu, and Shanghai. Methodologically, we applied a discrete choice model to examine whether individuals’ garbage sorting behaviors differ based on their characteristics, social attributes, residential circumstances, and environmental awareness, and whether these factors are correlated with individuals’ receptiveness to a refuse charge system, or to policies requiring garbage sorting. We further examined whether individuals’ garbage sorting behavior, their receptiveness to fee-based waste collection, and their receptiveness to policies requiring garbage sorting differ across areas. In this particular survey, we introduced a 16 item scale of pro-environmental behavior and a nine item scale of altruism to ascertain the ways in which internal motivational factors affect people’s environmentally conscious voluntary behavior. Overall, the present work is expected to contribute to an important understanding of the motivational forces and incentives behind human pro-environmental behavior and action. It also brings relevance to the analysis of moral solidarity in relation to the household waste disposal problems currently confronting us today.
In China, many environmental laws and policies are being enacted and revised under President Xi Jinping's leadership. Especially the environmental protection law revised in 2014 includes remarkable contents. This revision was made because the urgent situation pushed the central government to take measures to prevent pollution of PM 2.5 and lower carbon dioxide emissions. In this paper, recent trend of environmental laws and policies in China was introduced , and the following progress of improvement was confirmed. After that, an environmental public interest litigation and environmental NGO's affairs were also introduced. At last, issues of improving environmental governance were pointed out. And five necessary requirements for the improvement were put forward: establishment of a supervision system, reform of environmental personnel management system, reform of local government's finance, reform of environmental administrative divisions and the expansion of information disclosure and actual public participation.
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