Abnormal genital tract bleeding is a commonly encountered complaint in general practice. It has a wide range of etiologies and the spectrum depends on the reproductive status of the patient. While it represents a small proportion of genital tract bleeding, endometrial carcinoma is the main concern in postmenopausal women with abnormal genital bleeding. However, the majority of cases are due to benign etiologies. We present the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented to the outpatient department complaining of vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain for the last two months. The patient did not report any use of hormonal replacement therapy. Her last Pap smear was five years ago and it yielded no abnormal cells. On examination, the patient appeared obese with a body mass index of 35 kg/m 2 . Abdominal examination revealed a palpable pelvic mass that was firm and non-tender. The patient underwent an abdominal computed tomography scan which demonstrated a well-defined oval-shaped homogeneous fat attenuation mass lesion within the uterine wall with no evidence of invasion. Such findings were suggestive of uterine lipoma. The patient underwent a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopathological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of pure lipoma. After six months of close follow-up, the patient had no active complaints. Pure uterine lipoma is an exceedingly rare benign neoplasm of the uterus. It may present with an abdominal mass and abnormal genital bleeding. Awareness of the clinical and radiological features of this tumor is crucial to avoid unnecessary surgeries in asymptomatic patients.
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is the most common kind of post-infectious glomerulonephritis and is caused by group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes). Although the prevalence of PSGN has decreased in affluent nations, non-streptococcal species are becoming more common. and it is still the major cause of glomerulonephritis in children. APSGN can manifest itself in epidemic outbreaks or clusters of instances, as well as in single persons. Epidemic outbreaks have previously been documented as a result of upper respiratory or cutaneous streptococcal infections in various parts of the world. In developed nations, APSGN is now mostly a disease of the elderly, who are more likely to have disabling illnesses such as cancer, alcoholism, or diabetes. Children between the ages of 3 and 12 (with a peak incidence between the ages of 5 and 6 years) and seniors over the age of 60 are the most commonly affected. The pathophysiology of APSGN is complicated by inflammation. (APSGN) often occurs one to two weeks after a throat infection and three to five weeks after a skin infection. Hematuria, edoema, azotemia, and hypertension are the most common clinical signs. Loop or thiazide diuretics, are the most effective therapy for hypertension and edoema in PSGN. In this review we’ll be looking at the disease causes, epidemiology, presentation and treatment.
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