amping-off and root-rot are important diseases attacking chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Egypt. The effect of biofumigation, using mustard (Brassica juncea) and canola (Brassica napus) seed meals were evaluated to control damping-off and root-rot diseases of chickpea in vitro and in vivo (under greenhouse and field conditions trials) conducted in Sers-Ellian
Seed morphology of 28 taxa belonging to 14 genera of Caryophyllaceae was studied utilizing stereoscopic and scanning electron microscopes, to determine the significance of seed coat features as taxonomic characters. Results of the present study concluded that there are significant variations in particular surface features within all the studied members of the Caryophyllaceae. The superficial ridges and tubercules exhibit patterns that could be helpful in determining relationships among the studied species. Seed shapes were orbicular, ovate, reniform, triangular, pyriform and asymmetrical shield-shaped. Seed colours were pale brown, brown, pinkish-brown, reddish-brown, dark brown and black. Seed length varied from 0.4-3.1 mm long. The dorsal surfaces were grooved, winged or flat. The periclinal walls were convex, granulate; convex, granulate with tubercle in the central area; convex, granulate with long papillae in the central area; convex, granulate with minute tubercle in the anterior area; flat, granulate or flat, smooth. The anticlinal walls were entire or sinuate with different shapes namely: S-sinuate, U-sinuate, V-sinuate and irregular sinuate. The great number of seed characters observed indicated that there is a large diversity among seeds which can provide good criteria for the identification and classification of the studied taxa.
The virus-distribution and bimodal seed transmission of BCMV in bean cultivars was studied. BCMV was found to be seed transmitted in commercial seed lots of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cvs. Royal Nell (25.3%), Savana (13%), and Giza 4 (7.8%). Results showed that mechanically inoculated healthy seedlings (G0) showed typical symptoms of BCMV after 3-4 weeks from inoculation. ELISA test for Generation 1 (G1) detected the BCMV in all plant tissues tested except the cotyledon of cv. Giza 4 and the embryo of cvs. Savana and Giza 4. This finding points to the phenomenon of BCMV bimodal seed transmission.
Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) was isolated from Egyptian grown potatos. The virus was identified on the basis of host range, symptomatology, insect transmission, electron microscopy, RT-PCR, and PCR-ELISA. The complete nucleotide sequence of genomic PLRV-RNA was obtained from cloned cDNA and submitted in GenBank under Accession No. AY138970. This sequence is 5884 nucleotide long and encodes 5 ORF with an unique read-through protein suggested a conflict with the conceptual translation at amino acid 209. Comparison of PLRV sequence with that of other PLRV strains shows overall similarities of 97.02% and high genetic identity of 100% (Polish Strain), 98.5% (French Strain), 98.4% (Wageningen Strain), 98.3% (UK Strain), 98% (Canadian Strain), and 93. 5% (Australian Strain).
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