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Abstrak-Suatu sistem tenaga listrik dikatakan memiliki tingkat keandalan yang tinggi apabila sistem tersebut mampu menyediakan pasokan energi listrik yang dibutuhkan oleh konsumen secara kontinyu. Rugi-rugi daya yang terjadi pada saluran mengakibatkan turunnya tegangan pada saluran dan menyebabkan kerugian karena semakin berkurangnya keandalan sistem dalam menyalurkan listrik ke beban. Untuk mengurangi terjadinya rugi-rugi daya pada saluran dilakukan pemasangan kapasitor. Pemasangan kapasitor dilakukan dengan memperhitungkan posisi penempatan serta ukurannya, agar penempatan kapasitor yang dilakukan dapat optimal dalam mengurangi rugi-rugi yang terjadi. Metode optimasi yang yang cukup efektif adalah algoritma genetika. Pada metode ini, penempatan kapasitor dilakukan dengan mengarah pada pemilihan kromosom yang diperoleh. Hasilnya akan diperoleh kromosom terbaik dari sebuah populasi yang ada yang berisi kondisi optimum penempatan kapasitor yang dapat memperkecil rugi-rugi daya yang terjadi pada saluran sekaligus meminimalisir banyaknya penggunaan kapasitor. Perbandingan yang bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan aliran daya Newton-Raphson antara sebelum dan sesudah penempatan kapasitor. Kata Kunci : Rugi-rugi daya, Tegangan, Algoritma genetika, Kapasitor, Kromosom.Abstract-Electric power system is said to have a high degree of reliability if the system is able to provide a supply of electrical energy required by consumers continuously. Power loss that occurs in line resulting voltage drop on the line and cause a loss due to the decreasing reliability of the system to supply power to the load. To reduce the power loss in the line do installation of capacitors. Installation of capacitors conducted by calculating the position of the placement and size, so that placement of capacitors that do can be optimized to reduce losses that occur. Optimal methods are quite effective is algorithm genetics. In this method, capacitor placement is done with the chromosome leads to the selection obtained. The best results will be obtained from a chromosome that contains a condition that there is optimum placement of capacitors that can minimize power loss that occurs in the channel as well as minimize the amount of use of the capacitor. The comparison can be done by using Newton Raphson power flow between before and after forging capacitor.

In the process of power system development planning necessary to have a forecast of electricity demand in the future. The results obtained estimates can be considered for policymakers to formulate measures to be taken for the future. It aims to achieve optimization in the process of supplying electrical energy. To optimize the energy supply of electricity in the province of West Sumatra required an estimation of electrical energy. In this study, estimation methods used are fuzzy logic. Estimates carried out long term, ie until 2018. Estimated long-term electric energy demand is generally based on past statistics and analysis based on energy consumption characteristics ago. Such characteristics are usually influenced by several factors, such as population, number of electricity customers, electrification ratio, and so forth. The fuzzy logic method uses historical data / actual accumulated in several time periods, namely from 2000 to 2008. Results estimated by using fuzzy logic shows that the electrical energy needs in West Sumatra province in 2018 amounted to 3610 GWh. This value is not much different from the estimates made by PLN, which amounted to 3998.5 GWh. Error between the estimated value of fuzzy logic in 2018 and PLN was 5:48%.

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The good operation of metal oxide surge arresters depends on the increment of temperature. If the arresters cannot quickly disperse the absorbed energy into the ambient, arresters temperature may exceed its operating temperature limit. Consequently, thermal runaway occurs and results in power loss. In this paper, thermal characteristics and thermal stability based on power loss calculation were investigated. Applied voltages, leakage current, and temperature were the main parameters consideration. The power loss calculated by the electrical model is the input to the thermal model. The electro-thermal model is used to determine the two intersection points (stable operating point and the thermal instability point) of the power input and heat loss curves. The results show that irrespective of the different magnitude voltages applied to the arrester and different energy ratings for the elements, the power loss occurs at the certain applied voltage.

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