Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method is a modified version of chemical bath deposition (CDB) that serves as a low-cost and convenient on the production of ternary metal chalcogenides. This research reported the utilization of SILAR method on the fabrication of Cu3BiS3 semiconductor-sensitized solar cells. The concentration of bismuth and copper precursor were varied, namely 0.03 M and 0.1 M, whereas the precursor of sulfide was varied in the concentration of 0.02 M and 0.05 M. The variation of SILAR cycles was employed to investigate the most appropriate cycle numbers in producing Cu3BiS3, in particular 3-9 cycles, 5-15 cycles, and 6-6 cycle with the immersing time of 20 s for each. The results show that there were only two suitable peaks appeared for 3-9 cycles and 6-6 cycles, while 5-15 cycles provide the more preferable XRD patterns with the power conversion efficiency of 0.02% (Jsc of 1.75 mA/cm2; Voc of 0.04 V; FF of 29.65%). It can be said that SILAR method with higher number of cycles can be employed to fabricate Cu3BiS3; however, smaller PCE came from inappropriate structure alignment between Cu3BiS3 and metal oxide layer.
Orange is one of the local fruits, which is a source of income for farmers in Narigunung 1 Village, Tiganderket District, Karo Regency. However, in recent years, many orange orchards have been attacked by the fruit fly pest of Bactrocera sp. (Diptera: Tephritidae), causing the oranges become rotten and fall. This resulted in losses for farmers; there are crop failures in some orchards, while the farmers had to pay off a large pesticide purchase. One of the effective ways to ward off the arrival of these fruit flies is by using ultrasonic waves. Based on a research, fruit flies will be disturbed if there are ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 25-30 KHz that work based on ambient temperatures above 18⁰C. In addition, to control the fruit fly population, this community service also used a modified steiner trap, employing methyl eugenol, which can stimulate male fruit flies to enter the trap. Both repellents and traps will be made at a height of where fruit flies are active around the orange tree. With this control system, the orange orchard will be free from fruit flies so that farmers will no longer experience losses; besides, ecological trapping of fruit flies will reduce the population of fruit flies around Narigunung 1 Village, Karo Regency.
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