The current study aimed to evaluate university students' technological acceptance and connectedness to online learning with WhatsApp support. A total of 202 students from three different courses at an Indonesian private university participated in an online survey. Quantitative data analyses using Rasch modelling technique were conducted to evaluate the survey data. Findings show that most students accepted social media use to support learning and felt connected to the learning. The findings also have identified several drivers that promoted the high level of acceptance and connectedness to learning, such as students' perceived usefulness, availability of learning support, motivation, and connectedness with their friends. Implications for further research and practices of WhatsApp usage to support online learning are discussed.

Abstract-Hybrid instruction, which combines face-to-face classroom interaction and virtual activities, has been a growing interest for many teachers in universities, particularly those in teacher education programmes. This article presents my colleague's as well as my own critical reflections on our experience with practising hybrid classroom instruction in SLTE in a private university in Indonesia. Within this hybrid classroom, Google Classroom (GC) was incorporated as a companion of the face-to-face (F2F) classroom learning sessions of twenty-two preservice teachers taking the curriculum and materials development (CMD) module. To help with our reflection, we took notes during our observation and asked the students to write a journal after each of our teaching sessions. We highlight several benefits and challenges when incorporating GC in a hybrid classroom. Implications for the practice of a hybrid classroom in SLTE, particularly within the Indonesian higher education context, are also offered.

<span lang="EN-GB">A body of literature has suggested the benefits of flipped classrooms in mathematics learning at university. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the benefits in the context of mathematics teacher education programme. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a flipped classroom application in a mathematics teacher education programme at a private university in Indonesia. A total of thirty-one pre-service teachers participated in the study. Multiple data collection methods were employed including observation, written journals and tests. The data were then analysed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings showed that flipped classroom promotes independent learning, with the type of classroom encouraging students to work together with other peers and improved learning awareness. However, some challenges were highlighted in flipped classroom application such as technical issues, editing recording skills, and it was time consuming. Recommendations are offered in reference with the findings. </span>

This quantitative survey attempts to explore factors that contribute to English as a foreign language (EFL) students' unwillingness to communicate across Indonesian secondary schools. To this end, an online questionnaire was distributed to the students via school Facebook pages and Twitter. A total of 158 students volunteered to participate, of which 122 were female, and 36 were male. The qualitative data were analyzed statistically using factor analysis, ANOVA, correlation, and regression. The study findings showed that there was significant correlation between the unwillingness to communicate scale (UCS) and its two factors, i.e. UCS1 and UCS2 were significant (r-UCS1 = .867, p < .01, r-UCS2 = .772, p < .01). These results indicate that students' unwillingness to communicate was highly influenced by whether or not students decided to stay away from the conversation or on the extent to which students valued the communication itself and vice versa. In addition, the regression analysis of the two variables, students' risk-taking to communicate and engagement in communication, revealed that none of the variables were perceived as predictors of the students' unwillingness to communicate [language class risk (LCR), β = -.198, t = -2.64, p = .009; and language class sociability (LCS), β = -.352, t = -4.69, p = .000].

This survey explored the level and types of anxiety expressed by Indonesia students in writing in English as a foreign language anxiety across gender and educational levels. To this end, 221 foreign language (FL) students from three levels of educations, i.e. lower-secondary school, upper-secondary school and university, were surveyed on voluntary basis where they were asked to complete 22 items of a Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (SLWAI) questionnaire. Two statistical analyses, Rasch Analysis and ANOVA, were performed to examine the quantitative data. The findings showed that all students experienced writing anxiety in FL learning, many experiencing a moderate level of anxiety. Furthermore, students' writing anxiety was not influenced by gender and educational levels. Indeed, students across all education levels reported experiencing somatic anxiety, avoidance behaviour and cognitive anxiety, with avoidance behaviour being the most common form of anxiety. In conclusion, it is recommended that helping students to develop a positive perception of their FL writing is crucial in addition to helping them develop their writing skills.