The principles of Human Rights are the goals of Islamic shari'a or maqashid al-shari'ah (the philosophy of Islamic law) which has been formulated by al-Ghazali and perfected by as-Syatibi. These principles are summarized in al-dlaruriyah al-khamsah or also called al-huquq al-insaniyah fi al-Islam (human rights in Islam). This concept consists of five basic principles that must be maintained and respected by every individual; Hifzhu al-Din (respect for religious freedom), Hifzhu al-Mal (respect for property), Hifzhu al-Nafs wa al-'Irdl (respect for life, right to life and individual honor), Hifzhu al-'Aql (respect for freedom of thought), and Hifzhu al-Nasl (respect for keeping offspring).This research is examined using a juridical-normative and socio-legal and historical approach. The principles of human rights in the Medina Charter consist of: the principles of justice, equality, freedom of religion, piety, and commanding good and evil. Iimplementation of human rights values in The Medina Charter in Indonesia, the author summarizes it into three areas of life; religion, nation and state consisting of:the field of religious harmony, the field of law and constitution enforcement and the field of socio-political life and the development of the political system. Among the authors' findings, the Medina Charter contains ideas that have strong relevance to the developments and desires of today's world community, especially for Indonesia. The ideas in the Medina Constitution were also absorbed by the founding figures of the Indonesian nation, which can be seen in the Jakarta Charter which later gave birth to Pancasila. The contents of the Medina Charter and Pancasila have in common as a sentence of sawa' (meeting point) diversity or a noble agreement that is constructive, loves, and defends Indonesia, as well as the Medina Charter.
Since the New Order, the lands and forests of the Orang Rimba have been used as locations for the transmigration program and HPH and HP-HTI projects, resulting in the livelihoods of the Orang Rimba being destroyed and triggering conflicts. This paper discusses the recurring and endless conflicts between the Orang Rimba and the Jambi Malay community. The enmity is the impact of deforestation and the transmigration program. The values of the Orang Rimba’s customary law and their religious beliefs have been eroded, forcing them to claim lands and forests as well as their products being for all. From this problem, it is believed that to obtain in-depth data, the main sources of this article are from field observations, intensive interviews, published journals, previous research reports, and print and online media reports relating to the conflicts involving the Orang Rimba. Keywords: Orang Rimba; conflicts; lands and forests
Kebiasaan adalah salah satu sumber hukum perdagangan internasional, dan dalam metodologi hukum Islam kebiasaan diistilahkan dengan ‘urf, adalah sebagai dalil/sumber hukumnya. Kebiasaan (‘urf) dalam pandangan metodologi hukum Islam ini dapat berlaku dalam hukum perdagangan internasional, mesti memenuhi kriteria-kriteria tertentu, dan sejalan dengan Nash (al-Quran dan Sunnah). Kebiasaan (‘urf) ini sendiri merupakan bagian dari natural-karektaristik yang hidup dalam masyarakat dunia, ia terbentuk secara sengaja maupun tidak sengaja dan alami. Sehingga kebiasaan itu tidak bisa dihilangkan atau didiskualifikasi, dan bahkan semakin mejadi trand masyarakat kontemporer, seperti perdagangan internasional secara online (e-commerce). Islam sebagai agama universal, dinamis, cocok untuk setiap waktu dan tempat, mengatur kebiasaan tersebut secara komprehensif.
This study aims to determine the basic considerations for the Jambi Religious Court's decision Number 946/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Jmb. in applying dwangsom to hadhanah cases. In addition, it is considered important to know the basic considerations for the Jambi Religious Court's decision Number 946/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Jmb. in applying uitvoerbaar bij voorraad to hadhanah case decisions. The method used in this research is normative (doctrinal) legal research. The approach used in this research is a case approach, while the analysis used is deductive analysis. The decision of the Panel of Judges in the hadhanah case Number: 0946/Pdt.G/2015 does not apply dwangsom so that it can be considered inappropriate and not in line with the concept of maqashid syari'ah. In certain cases the settlement of a case often takes a long time, moreover if the aggrieved party takes legal action, which is often taken to extraordinary legal remedies, namely legal remedies for judicial review, which will take years. With the granting of uitbaar bij voorraad specifically related to the lawsuit for surrendering children by relying on the objectives of Islamic law (Maqāshid Syari‘ah) in the case of one of the parents apostates and the one who is given custody of their child is a Muslim, then the child's religion will still be maintained as a follower of Islam and avoid the possibility of changing religions. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar-dasar pertimbangan putusan Pengadilan Agama Jambi Nomor 946/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Jmb. dalam menerapkan dwangsom, uitvoerbaar bij voorraad pada putusan perkara hadhanah. Metode yang penulis pergunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif (doktrinal) dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Analisis yang dipergunakan adalah analisis deduktif. Putusan Majelis Hakim dalam Perkara hadhanah Nomor: 0946/Pdt.G/2015 yang tidak menerapkan dwangsom dapat dinilai tidak tepat dan kurang sejalan dengan konsep Maqāshid Syari‘ah. Dalam kasus tertentu penyelesaian suatu perkara tidak jarang membutuhkan waktu yang lama, lebih-lebih bila pihak yang dirugikan menempuh upaya hukum, yang tidak jarang sampai upaya peninjauan kembali yang tentunya akan memakan waktu sampai bertahun-tahun. Dengan dikabulkan uitbaar bij voorraad khusus terkait dengan gugatan penyerahan anak dengan bersandar pada tujuan Hukum Islam (Maqāshid Syari‘ah) dalam kasus salah satu orang tuanya murtad dan yang diberikan hak asuh anaknya adalah seorang Muslim, maka agama anak akan tetap terpelihara sebagai pemeluk agama Islam dan terhindar dari kemungkinan ganti agama.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.