Abstract-One of methods that can be used to determine the stability of a power system if the fault occured is the equal area criterion method. The equal area criterion method (Equal Area Criterion, EAC) is an example of a direct method for predicting the stability and also the critical clearing time (Critical clearing time). However, to calculate the complex calculations required to determine the equivalent impedance of each condition system. In this study used several approaches to facilitate the calculation of the equivalent impedance. This method uses the equation of power losses. This method is equivalent impedance using modified with Ploss and Qloss for Determining Pmax. From the analysis, it can be concluded the use of this method is quite accurate in analyzing or calculating the transient stability of the generator system in South Sulawesi, with each loading condition, before, during and after short circuit. Generator being looked at is Bakaru, Pare, Suppa, Barru and Sengkang.
- The problem of using Power System Stabilizer (PSS) in generator excitation is how to determine optimal PSS parameter. To overcome these problems, the authors use a method of intelligent bats based algorithm to design PSS. Bat Algorithm is an algorithm that works based on bat behavior in search of food source. Correlation with this research is, food sources sought by bats represent as PSS parameters to be optimized. Bat's algorithm will work based on a specified destination function, namely Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). In this research will be seen the deviation of velocity and rotor angle of each generator, in case of disturbance in bakaru generator. The analysis results show that the uncontrolled system produces a large overshoot oscillation, and after the addition of PSS oscillation control equipment can be muted. So that the overshoot and settling time of each generator can be reduced and the generator can quickly go to steady state condition.
The problem of using Power System Stabilizer (PSS) in generator excitation is how to determine the optimal PSS parameter. To overcome these problems, the authors use a method of intelligent bats based algorithm to design PSS. Bat Algorithm is an algorithm that works based on bat behavior in search of food source. Correlation with this research is, food sources sought by bats represent as PSS parameters to be optimized. Bat's algorithm will work based on a specified destination function, namely Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE). In this research will be seen the deviation of velocity and rotor angle of each generator, in case of disturbance in bakaru generator. The analysis results show that the uncontrolled system produces a large overshoot oscillation, and after the addition of PSS oscillation control equipment can be muted. So that the overshoot and settling time of each generator can be reduced and the generator can quickly go to steady state condition
Lightning rods in the Laboratory of Energy and Protection Distribution System of Ujung Pandang State Polytechnic are not functioning properly so the resistance resistance tends to be large, this is not good for earthing. This problem can be overcome by remaking lightning rods on wet and dry soils. This activity was carried out to reduce the value of resistance resistance in connection with this, this activity was carried out by designing, assembling and collecting data carried out by testing, while data analysis was carried out by counting. Based on the results of the discussion concluded that the resistance resistance value obtained is smaller than the previous device. Evidenced by the results of the test where the resistance value on the rod electrode in dry conditions ranged from 1.56 to 2.40 Ohm while the previous tool ranged from 1.6 to 9.0 Ohm. Then for wet soil conditions that range from 0.45 to 1.29 Ohm, while the previous tool is around 1.8 - 5.25 Ohm
Salah satu peralatan kontrol tambahan yang mampu meningkatkan kestabilan suatu system pada generator adalah Power System Stabilizer (PSS). Ketika terjadi osilasi gangguan pada generator, PSS memberikan sinyal tambahan ke peralatan eksitasi untuk memberikan redaman tambahan pada generator. Penggunaan PSS diperlukan koordinasi penentuan parameter yang tepat untuk mencapai kontrol kinerja yang bagus untuk sistem. Pada penelitian ini, metode kecerdasan buatan algoritma Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) digunakan untuk mengoptimasi parameter PSS. Dari hasil simulasi didapatkan parameter PSS yang optimal ditinjau dari respon osilasi overshoot dan sudut rotor. Kinerja sistem tanpa PSS didapatkan overshoot frekuensi sebesar -0,02242 s/d 0,005241 pu, kemudian PSS dengan Trial error sebesar -0,0196 s/d 0,003704 pu, PSS Bat sebesar -0.01394 s/d 0.0007533 pu, dan dengan metode ant colony didapatkan overshoot yang berkurang yaitu sebesar -0,0128 s/d 0,0003349 pu. Sedangkan untuk respon sudut rotor didapatkan tanpa PSS sebesar -4,71 s/d 4,486e-05 pu, PSS trial error sebesar -4,579 s/d 4,486e-05 pu, PSS Bat sebesar -4.71 s/d 4.486e-05, dan PSS ant colony sebesar -4,566 s/d 4,545e-05 pu. Implementasi metode cerdas sebagai metode penalaan PSS dapat memperbaiki kinerja generator dalam meredam osilasi sistem multimesin.
Overhaul adalah proses membongkar mesin yang bermasalah agar dapat diperiksa dengan lebih teliti. Dalam overhaul juga dilakukan penggantian terhadap komponen-komponen mesin yang bermasalah. Overhaul pengaturan sphere gap pembangkitan tegangan tinggi impuls secara semi otomatis ini juga dimaksudkan untuk memaksimalkan sistem K3 dan tingkat keakuratan ketika melakukan penelitian pembangkitan tegangan impuls. Kondisi yang ada saat ini setelah terjadinya kerusakan pada mesin pengaturan sphere gap secara otomatis. Pengaturan sphere gap dilakukan secara manual, menyebabkan jarak celah bola yang diinginkan tidak terlalu akurat, dan resiko terjadinya kecelakaan kerja semakin tinggi pada Laboratorium Tegangan tinggi. Tahap pertama pengerjaan dilakukan pemeriksaan dan pengukuran untuk mengganti komponen kapasitor dan limit switch karena tidak bisa dipergunakan lagi. Serta perbaikan pada komponen electromagnetic brake. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan pengukuran jarak sudah sesuai dengan yang diharapkan dan dapat dibuktikan setelah dilakukan overhaul pada alat pengatur jarak semi otomatis sudah dapat berfungsi dengan normal kembali sehingga dapat mempermudah saat dilakukannya penelitian tegangan tinggi impuls. Selain itu dari segi keamanan lebih baik karena pengaturan jarak sela bola dilakukan di luar sangkar pembangkitan tegangan tinggi impuls.
This study aims to determine the effect of changes in generator load on efficiency performance in steam power plants and to determine the amount of input power in the boiler. Data collection was carried out at PT. Bosowa Energi PLTU Jeneponto. The data are the power output, fuel consumption, and the calorific value of the fuel. Then perform data analysis by calculating input power and efficiency. From the result of the study, the highest efficiency is on May 20, 2018 at 18.00 with a load of 90.00 MW, namely 55.68% and the lowest efficiency is on May 12, 2018 at 03.00 with a load of 64.98 MW, namely 22.69%. The highest boiler input power based on the analysis results was on May 3, 2018 at 20.00, namely 356.61 MW, and the lowest boiler input power based on the analysis was on May 15, 2018 at 07.00, namely 128.14 MW.
Biogas is an alternative energy in the form of gas formed from the process of fermentation of organic materials. One of the most abundant organic materials is water hyacinth. This research aims to design the tool that will be used to process water hyacinth so that it can produce biogas energy. The main components of the equipment made consist of digester, water trap, gas container, and gas stove, each made 3 appliances. The experiment was conducted using 3 pieces of digester where each digester was filled with 10kg of water hyacinth and different starter. Digester A uses a 0.5 liter EM4 starter mixed with 4.5 liters of water. Digester B using starter 5 kg of cow dung mixed with water 3 liters. And digester C using starter 5 kg of cow dung mixed with 0.5 liters EM4 and 4, 5 liters of water. Then see the development of biogas during the fermentation process (35 days). From the results of this study can be obtained biogas pressure, temperature, acidity (pH) and the duration of the flame generated by the means of producing biogas using this digester and can be applied to the stove. The pressure change produced by digester C is greater than the pressure generated from digesters A and B. The temperature changes produced in digester C are greater than the temperature produced by digesters A and B. The initial pH value of mixing for digester A is pH 6.3, digester B with pH 7.5 and digester C with pH 5.5. The pH value after biogas was produced for digester A with pH 7.5, digester B with pH 7.5 and digester C with pH 7.6. This corresponds to a good pH for the growth of biogas-forming microbes, ranging from 6.4 to 7.8. The fire generated on the blue flame test, with the total length of the flame for each digester is 54 minutes 46 seconds.
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