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The liquid-phase adsorption of benzene and toluene on granular activated carbon TOG 20 × 50 has been studied at (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K. The temperature dependent forms of the Toth and Sips equations were used to correlate the experimental data. Excellent agreement between the experimental data and those two equations are observed.

Density and viscosity for binary mixtures of four flavor compounds (benzyl acetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetate, benzaldehyde, and pentyl acetate) with 1-butanol and 1-pentanol over the whole composition range have been measured at four different temperatures (293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K) and atmospheric pressure. The excess molar volume (V E ) and viscosity deviations (∆η L ) were calculated and fitted to a Redlich-Kister type polynomial relation.

Density and viscosity for a binary mixture of ethyl valerate and hexyl acetate with 1-pentanol and 1-hexanol were measured in this experiment at three different temperatures (293.15, 303.15, and 313.15 K) and at atmospheric pressure. The measurements were carried out over the whole range of composition. Density values were used in the determination of the excess molar volume, V E , and the viscosity deviations, ∆η L . The latter were fitted to the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation.

The needs of world petroleum are increased; in contrast, the fuel productions are getting decreased. Therefore, it has lead to the search for bio-fuel as an alternative energy. There are several different types of biofuel, such as biodiesel, ethanol, bioalcohol, and biogas. Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids from a vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol producing fatty acid esters, such as methyl or ethyl ester. The present study aimed to study the effect of temperature (50, 60 and 65°C), reaction time (1 to 5 minutes) dan types of catalyst (CaO dan MgO of 1 and 3 %) in the production of biodiesel from microalgae by the transesterification process using microwave methods. It also studied the characteristics of biodiesel which had the greatest yield in the present study, i.e. flash point, cetane number, density, viscosity, and FAME. The greatest yield was 99.35% and obtained with combination of 3% MgO catalyst quantity at temperature of 60°C, in 3 minutes reaction time. At this process conditions, the biodiesel has a flash point of 122°C, cetane number of 55, density of  0.89, viscosity of 5 cP and FAME of 75.12 %.