Aim
To define the prevalence of mortality and identify factors associated with mortality in pediatric patients with extraocular retinoblastoma attending the tertiary hospital in Indonesia.
Methods
We retrospectively collected medical records from 2013 to 2019 of patients who were diagnosed with extraocular retinoblastoma. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the association of mortality predictors with patient outcomes (Hazard Ratio [HR], 95% CI) with significance set as p < .05.
Results
Overall, 60 patients were included in this study for a retrospective chart review, with 55% males and 45% females. The median age at diagnosis was 13 (5–24) months. About 60% of the patients did not survive, while 2‐year survival probability was 45%. The overall median survival time was 21.5 (7.25–40.75) months. Predictors of mortality were laterality (unilateral/bilateral): HR 2.15 (95% CI: 1.07–4.28; p = .03), nutritional status: HR 2.65 (95% CI: 1.34–5.25; p = .05), and lag time to diagnosis: HR 3.12 (95% CI: 1.56–6.2; p = .001).
Conclusion
Laterality, nutritional status and lag time to diagnosis were identified to be mortality predictors in extraocular retinoblastoma. The 2‐year survival for children with extraocular retinoblastoma was 45% with 21 months for median survival.
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