RESUMO: Demodicose é uma afecção cutânea causada pelo ácaro Demodex sp. diagnosticada com frequência na rotina clínica veterinária. Objetivou-se descrever as manifestações clínicas e histológicas de cães com demodicose nas formas localizada e generalizada, relacionando a quantidade de ácaros e os achados microscópicos ao quadro clínico. Foram estudados 46 cães, sendo 28 com demodicose generalizada e 18 com a forma localizada da doença, dos quais todos possuíam raspados de pele positivo. Destes caninos foram anotados dados de lesões macroscópicas em ficha dermatológica e coletaram-se amostras de pele para estudo microscópico. A análise histológica foi realizada por três avaliadores e os dados registrados sem comunicação entre os mesmos, sendo considerado o resultado que mais ocorreu. Alopecia, descamação, eritema e crostas foram lesões clínicas comuns às duas formas de apresentação da doença que mais ocorreram. Inflamação histológica dermal grave ocorreu especialmente nos cães com doença localizada e generalizada que possuíam piodermite concomitante e ácaros Demodex sp. foram visualizados com intensidade entre moderada e acentuada na maioria dos cães com ambas as formas da enfermidade. Perifoliculite foi a alteração folicular microscópica mais evidenciada nos caninos deste estudo, seguida por foliculite mural e furunculose que tiveram maior ocorrência relativa nos cães com demodicose localizada. De acordo com os resultados obtidos verificou-se que a gravidade das lesões histológicas não corresponde necessariamente à forma de apresentação clínica da enfermidade, além disso, a quantidade de ácaros não demonstrou ser indicativa de lesões clínicas localizadas ou generalizadas, bem como não é possível diferenciar a doença clínica através do exame histopatológico.

RESUMO Klebsiella pneumoniae é um patógeno oportunista, responsável por diversos tipos de infecções nosocomiais, e é considerado um microrganismo multirresistente. Dados na literatura que forneçam informações a respeito da resistência desse microrganismo a antimicrobianos em amostras de animais são escassos. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil e o seu aumento das resistências a antimicrobianos dentro da medicina veterinária. Um total de 67 isolados de K. pneumoniae, provenientes de diferentes sítios de isolamento de animais domésticos (39/67) e silvestres (28/67), foi confirmado por sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA. O maior percentual de isolamento de K. pneumoniae foi de amostras de urina, com 16% (11/67), fezes, com 15% (10/67), e pulmão, com 13,5% (09/67). No perfil de resistência, foram testadas 11 categorias de antibióticos, sendo a maior taxa de resistência ao metronidazol 97% (65/67), à ampicilina 94% (63/67), à amoxicilina 93% (62/67), às sulfonamidas 93% (62/67), à colistina 93% (62/67) e à nitrofurantoína 88% (59/67). Aqueles que apresentaram menor taxa de resistência foram: meropenem 3% (2/67), imipenem 6% (4/67) e amicacina 16% (11/67). Todos os isolados foram considerados bactérias multirresistentes (MRD), com o índice de resistência múltipla aos antibióticos (IRMA) variando de 0,15 a 0,85 e com 60 tipos de padrões de resistência. O resultado deste estudo reforça que os animais são reservatórios de K. pneumoniae multirresistentes.

The objective of this study was to compare the DNA detection of Ehrlichia canis in blood and bone marrow to determine the prevalence of the agent in Várzea Grande

Otitis externa is a common complaint in dogs. Bacteria and yeasts are commonly involved and may perpetuate inflammatory reactions inside the ear canal. Otoscopy, cytological examination of secretion and microbiological culture embody forms of diagnosis. Cytology also has great use in accessing treatment evolution. Therapy usually consists of cleaning ear canals and subsequent use of antibiotics or antifungal products. As some of them may cause hypersensitivity and even ototoxicity, searching for new pharmacological bases is currently necessary and justifies this study, which aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo efficacy of tea tree essential oil for bacterial and yeast ear infections in dogs. Twenty-eight dogs from a particular shelter in Cuiabá (Mato Grosso, Brazil), presenting clinical signs of otitis externa, were enrolled in this clinical trial. In all of them, clinical and cytological evaluations, as well as culture and susceptibility testing of the affected ears were carried out. From each dog, one ear was treated with 5% tea tree essential oil lotion and the other with standard otic formulation, according to the type of infection (bacterial, yeast or both). In vitro susceptibility testings of all ear cultures, to the same drugs used in treatment, were also carried out. Culture results showed 62.5% bacterial and fungal infection, 33.9% bacterial infection and 3.6% fungal infection, from the 56 ear samples collected. The most common microorganisms isolated were Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis and Malassezia pachydermatis. Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to gentamycin in 60.5% and resistant in 16.3% of the samples. Five percent tea tree essential oil formulation produced a 5mm clear zone of inhibition around the disks in one of the 63 samples evaluated. Pure (100%) tea tree essential oil formulation produced a 10mm clear zone of inhibition around the disks in four of the 63 samples evaluated, a 9mm zone in three samples, an 8mm zone in 16 samples, a 7mm zone in seven samples, a 6mm zone in two samples and there was no clear zone in 31 samples. Inhibition zones were produced by strains of Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus, Corynebacterium sp., Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter sp. tea tree essential oil ear solution significantly induced remission of clinical signs both in bacterial and yeast ear infections. It also reduced as much Malassezia pachydermatis ear infection as the nystatin solution used in this study, while gentamycin solution showed better antibacterial effect. More studies should be conducted to evaluate in vitro diffusion properties of tea tree essential oil. Good antimicrobial spectrum and the absence of adverse reactions confirm the importance of developing a tea tree formulation as an alternative therapy for ear infections in dogs.

No abstract

The aim of this research was to investigate natural hemoplasma infection in cats treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, and the factors associated with infection. Blood samples from 151 cats of different sexes, breeds, and ages were analyzed by PCR and blood count. The overall occurrence of hemoplasma was 25.8%. Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf), ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm)’, and ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis’ (CMt) were observed in 15.2%, 14.6% and 2.6% of cats, respectively. In 6.6 % of cases, co-infection was observed. Male felines or mixed breed cats were associated with infection by CMhm (P = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). The data obtained demonstrated an occurrence of 25.8% for hemoplasma infection in felines coming from clinical care in the city of Cuiabá, where males were at higher risk of acquiring the infection by these agents, in addition to a higher risk for CMhm in felines with no specific breed.

Leishmania infantum is a trypanosomatid that causes parasitic dermatopathy in dogs. Trypanosoma caninum is another trypanosomatid, which infects the skin of dogs, although cutaneous abnormalities are absent. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of T. caninum infection and its associated cutaneous and histological changes and compare it with the occurrence of L. infantum infection in dogs. The study included 150 dogs, of which T. caninum infection was identified in 3 (2%) and L. infantum infection in 15 (10%) of them, with no association (p>0.05) of these infections with the breed, gender, age, or cutaneous abnormalities. The cutaneous abnormalities were based on 1 (4.8%) and 12 (57.1%) dogs infected by T. caninum and L. infantum, respectively. The dermatohistopathological abnormalities in the dogs infected with T. caninum included mild perivascular lymphohistioplasmacytic infiltrates in the clinically asymptomatic ones, while in those with dermatological abnormalities, acanthosis, epidermal orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, melanomacrophages, and co-infection with Microsporum sp. and Trichophyton sp. were observed. InL. infantum infected, the histopathological findings included chronic granulomatous inflammatory infiltrates and structures compatible with amastigotes. Despite the low frequency of T. caninum infection, our findings suggest that this trypanosomatid, unlike L. infantum, does not cause any macroscopic skin abnormalities.

Background: Hemimelia is a rare anomaly in which one of paired bone is congenital or partially absent. The etiology may be related to genetic and/or environmental factors. Clinically is observed the angulation of the affected limb, resulting in functional limitations as angular deformity, lameness and decreased range of motion. The diagnosis is based on clinical fndings and radiographic examination that detects the complete or partial absence of the affected bone and angular deviations. We aim to report a case of a partial unilateral radial hemimelia in a feline diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT).Case: We attended at the HOVET-UFMT a two years old, feline, female, domestic short hair, presenting as a complaint the presence of a friable mass in the oral cavity for a year and a deformity in the left forelimb since birth, showing swallowing diffculties, lameness and diffculty support. On clinical examination, we obeserved the left forelimb flexed and deviation inthe medial direction, shortening of the limb, no crepitation during handling and evident lameness. Radiographic examination in the craniocaudal and mediolateral projections of the thoracic limbs revealed the partial absence of the radius with just a trace of the proximal radial epiphysis, shortening and a marked ulnar curvature, producing a signifcant deviation of the limb in the cranial direction. To perform incisional biopsy of the mass in the oral cavity, the patient underwent general anesthesia, but died after the procedure. The animal was sent to the Veterinary Pathology department to perform the necropsy that confrmed the diagnosis of Gingivitis-Stomatitis-Pharyngitis Complex, evidencing a hyperplasia of the gingival epithelium and tongue, diffuse and severe lymphoplasmacytic inflammation of the lamina propria, multifocal hydropic degeneration of the basal layer with presence of necrotic acanthocytes and even multiple areas of ulceration. After routine necropsy, the dissection of the left forelimb was carried out in order to be observed macroscopically the anomaly and its presentation, confrming the radiographic fndings.Discussion: In this case, we could not determine the origin of the hemimelia because both environmental and genetic factors can influence the embryonic development of the limb, particularly in the period between the 16th and the 28th day after fertilization. The radial hemimelia is a serious congenital pathology and when presented bilaterally is often associated with other malformations. In this case, the malformation was presented in a partial way (the absence of a segment) only in the left forelimb. Macroscopically there were not any other abnormalities. The conservative treatment was instituted with the maintenance of the animal in smooth and soft surface to avoid the occurrence of ulcerations on the contact areas with the ground. It is concluded that the history and physical examination associated with radiological fndings were able to establish the defnitive diagnosis of the partial unilateral hemimelia of the left radius.Keywords: anomaly, absence, cat, limb.