Articles published in international and national journals have rich potentials for learning sources for a greater understanding and productivity to conduct novel and essential research since their publication has been scholarly processed through the hands of journal editors. Readers can learn the research methods from the models found in journal articles. This paper elaborates the research methods used in studies on Listening skills using social media and other technological tools. The elaboration is formulated from the research methods used by journal article writers worldwide. The articles are taken as the corpus of the study and analyzed using grounded analysis. Among them are case study, ethnography research, phenomenology, grounded theory, narrative, content analysis, document analysis, descriptive qualitative, pre-experimental research, quasi-experimental research, true experimental research, correlational research, ex-post facto, survey research, classroom action research, collaboration action research, and mixed-methods. However, due to the limited space, the paper will only describe five popular methods in teaching listening skills utilizing social media and technological tools for the last ten years include experimental research, classroom action research, survey research, case study, and descriptive qualitative research. The description of each method is supported by examples found in international and national journal articles published worldwide.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai budaya dalam himne Pasomba Tedong. Himne Pasomba Tedong adalah pengiring upacara yang diucapkan pada upacara syukuran tertinggi dalam kehidupan orang Toraja, yaitu pada upacara maqbuaq dan meruaq yang diperuntukkan kepada Puang Matua, ilah-ilah, dan dewata. Tujuan upacara ini adalah untuk memohon kesuburan tanah dan memudahkan interaksi sosial masyarakat dengan mengorbankan seekor kerbau muda hitam dan gemuk. Himne Pasomba Tedong disajikan dalam bentuk prosa lirik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang menggambarkan objeknya secara apa adanya. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik inventarisasi, baca simak, pencatatan, teknik observasi partisipasi, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai yang ditemukan dalam himne Pasomba Tedong adalah nilai religi, nilai persatuan, nilai musyawarah mufakat, nilai etis, dan nilai tenggang rasa/saling menghormati.Abstract:This research is aimed at knowing cultural values in the hymn of Pasomba Tedong. Pasomba Tedong hymn is an accompanist ceremony pronounced at thanksgiving ceremony in Toraja’s life by performing Maqbuaq and Meruaq ceremony for Puang Matua and God. The purpose of the ceremony is to invoke fertility of the soil and facilitate social interaction with the community to sacrifice a fat black bull. Passomba Tedong is presented in prose lyrics. This re- search applies the qualitative descriptive method that describes the object as it is. The data were collected by using inventory techniques, reading, recording, observation, and interview. The result shows that the values in Pasomba Tedong are religious value, unity value, consensus agreement value, ethical value, and tolerance or mutual respect value.
A literary work cannot be separated from deixis markers. One of the essentials of deixis function is its ability to act as a speech interpretation tool. In this case, clear deixis will lead the reader to understand the author's idea. Conversely, obscure deixis is likely to lead to an incorrect interpretation. This study aims to determine the deixis markers in the Buginese oral literature discourse entitled "Tau Sabbarak E," to preserve the Buginese community's local identity. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The data collection used was documentation, observation, and note-taking techniques. The data analyzed was conducted by identifying the deixis data found, classifying deixis data, analyzing data, and concluding the results. The results showed that the deixis marker in the Tau Sabbarak E story is second singular person pronoun -mu 'you,' at the word daengmu 'your brother,' lakkaimmu 'your husband,' and -kik 'you' at the word amaingekkik 'be aware of you.' The first single-person pronoun u-'aku, 'usiala' I am married, 'uita' I see, 'and usukkuru. 'I am thankful.' Furthermore, the third person pronoun plural na-is also found in the La Sabbarak E story. It seems at the word bainena 'his wife,' napalessokna lempakna 'lowered the luggage,' kedona 'his attitude,' and indokna 'mother.' The second singular person pronoun is idik 'you,' at the word idikmuto 'you too,' which refers to the character of the mother. Meanwhile, self-naming deixis is also found at the words toke 'male Chinese seller,' and punggawa 'leader' refers to La Sabbarak E. The time index is contained at the word makkukkue 'now,' cinamoha 'for a while,' maleleng wenni 'late at night,' and tette asera ele e, ' nine o'clock in the morning.' In addition, the time lexeme is not deixis, namely pitungesso 'seven days.' In this study, unfortunately, no space deixis was found. These results research is an effort to save local identity in strengthening both local and national culture.
Buginese songs are the literary treasures of the South Sulawesi region. One interesting aspect to talk about is song lyrics by looking at the stylistic aspect, including choosing the right words to express the creator's thoughts and felt. The term "archaic," which possesses ancient qualities, is used in Buginese song lyrics. Writing about archaic diction was conducted by four song writers, i.e., Jauzi Saleh, Yusuf Alamudi, Haji Mustafa Bande, and Hasan Pulu. The research is descriptive qualitative by applying the method of listening, recording, and interviewing. The study results reveal that the diction of archaic words in Buginese song lyrics contains a poetic value and prioritizes aesthetic elements. Bittara' sky,' limbanni ri majeng 'died/passed away,' mamminanga 'sail,' and lo mattaneteni tampungna' old tomb,' are archaic words that have specific meanings in Buginese songs. The public does not commonly use the archaic term, but it is beneficial for authors to get an aesthetic, solid effect, and impression on the song. The diction of archaic words by the creator considers meanings and values of the taste, atmosphere, and inner vibrations of the audience through the power of the sound of the song lyrics.
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